Table 2. The embedded use of ssDNA in various exonuclease Ⅲ (ExoIII)-associated diagnostic platforms.

Classification by the ExoIII activity used in the methods	Diagnostic platforms	Targets	Functions of ExoIII	Involved nucleic acid aptamer	Published
dsDNA exonuclease-based detection	ExoIII-aided electrochemiluminescencence techniques	miRNA-21 (a cancer biomarker)	Recognize and degrade dsDNA to ssDNA for triggering subsequent reaction	The ssDNA oligos and hairpin dsDNA with 3′ end protruding ssDNA or dsDNA with the blunt end	Zhang et al., 2023
	ExoIII combined with quantum dots.	HIV and HBV virus			Wang et al., 2021
	ExoIII combined with nanoparticles	p53 gene			Wu et al., 2021
	ExoIII integrated with the microfluidic platform.	Manganese superoxide dismutase gene			Zheng et al., 2020
	ExoIII facilitated chemiluminescence techniques.	Synthetic DNA target			Gao and Li, 2014
AP-endonuclease based detections	ExoIII integrated with Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA)	Aeromonas salmonicida	Recognize and cleave the AP site on dsDNA for releasing fluorescence signal.	Primers and a ssDNA oligo containing AP site labeled with fluorescence and quencher groups	Zhou et al., 2022
		Burkholderia cepacia			Daddy Gaoh et al., 2023
		Elizabethkingia miricola			Qiao et al., 2022
		Porcine parvovirus			Wang et al., 2017
		Dengue virus			Abd El Wahed et al., 2015
		SARS-CoV-2			Behrmann et al., 2020