Counteraction caused by the CB1 antagonist against attenuating effects of the TRPV1 antagonist on HDAC inhibitor‐ or TRPV1 agonist‐induced working memory improving‐like behavioural alterations in the NC and/or IM treatment groups. The parameter values of the Y‐maze test at the 2‐h time point after the last NC (0.8 mg/kg, sc) and/or IM (10 min) treatment are shown as means with SD bars (n = 10) for each working memory improving‐like drug (HDAC inhibitor or TRPV1 agonist) plus TRPV1 antagonist cotreatment group with or without additional CB1 antagonist (with each ip dose [mg/kg]), and statistical significance in post hoc tests is denoted using the symbols as defined below. The detailed data and statistical results have been included in Table S6. (A) SB (100 mg/kg, ip) plus CZ (1 mg/kg, ip) cotreatment groups with (or without) additional SR (1 mg/kg, ip) (SB + CZ + SR groups); (B) VA (300 mg/kg, ip) plus CZ (1 mg/kg, ip) cotreatment groups with (or without) additional SR (1 mg/kg, ip) (VA + CZ + SR groups); (C) OL (1 mg/kg, ip) plus CZ (1 mg/kg, ip) cotreatment groups with (or without) additional SR (1 mg/kg, ip) (OL + CZ + SR groups). **P < 0.01: significant attenuation as compared with the control group; ++P < 0.01: significant increase as compared with the NC, IM, or NC‐IM group without any cotreatments; @@P < 0.01: significant attenuation as compared with the NC group without any cotreatments; $$P < 0.01: significant attenuation as compared with the IM group without any cotreatments; ##P < 0.01: significant attenuation as compared with the NC, IM, or NC‐IM group cotreated with the efficacious (working memory improving‐like) HDAC inhibitor or TRPV1 agonist; &&P < 0.01: significant increase as compared with the NC, IM, or NC‐IM group cotreated with the mitigating drug (HDAC inhibitor or TRPV1 agonist) plus CZ.