Table 3.
Cox regression analysis of diagnosis by surveillance and mortality stratified by age.
| Age of diagnosisa | Univariable Cox regression | Fully adjusted multivariable Cox regression model 3 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-value | aHR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| 75–79 years (n = 299) | ||||
| Mode of diagnosis | ||||
| Symptom onset | Reference | Reference | ||
| Surveillance | 0.47 (0.33–0.66) | < 0.001 | 0.88 (0.58–1.32) | 0.53 |
| Age (years) | 1.03 (0.91–1.18) | 0.61 | 1.07 (0.94–1.23) | 0.30 |
| Gender (Male) | 1.35 (0.94–1.93) | 0.11 | 0.95 (0.63–1.45) | 0.82 |
| ECOG | ||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≥ 1 | 1.25 (0.86–1.80) | 0.24 | 0.74 (0.50–1.11) | 0.14 |
| CKD (Yes) | 1.55 (1.10–2.19) | 0.012 | 1.51 (1.02–2.24) | 0.038 |
| Etiology | ||||
| Viral | Reference | Reference | ||
| Non-viral | 1.70 (1.21–2.39) | 0.002 | 1.79 (1.22–2.61) | 0.003 |
| Initial treatment (Yes) | 0.27 (0.16–0.45) | < 0.001 | 0.43 (0.24–0.76) | 0.004 |
| ALBI grade | ||||
| 1 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2–3 | 3.35 (2.38–4.71) | < 0.001 | 3.72 (2.55–5.42) | < 0.001 |
| α-fetoprotein (log10 ug/mL) | 1.50 (1.33–1.68) | < 0.001 | 1.50 (1.31–1.72) | < 0.001 |
| mUICC stage | ||||
| I–II | Reference | Reference | ||
| III–IV | 2.75 (1.97–86) | < 0.001 | 1.95 (1.31–2.91) | 0.001 |
| ≥ 80 years (n = 120) | ||||
| Mode of diagnosis | ||||
| Symptom onset | Reference | Reference | ||
| Surveillance | 0.61 (0.37–1.01) | 0.055 | 0.67 (0.37–1.19) | 0.17 |
| Age (years) | 1.13 (1.02–1.25) | 0.022 | 1.02 (0.91–1.13) | 0.76 |
| Gender (Male) | 0.86 (0.52–1.41) | 0.54 | 1.09 (0.59–2.00) | 0.78 |
| ECOG | ||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≥ 1 | 1.33 (0.78–2.25) | 0.29 | 1.33 (0.74–2.41) | 0.34 |
| CKD (Yes) | 1.03 (0.62–1.72) | 0.90 | 1.11 (0.61–2.02) | 0.74 |
| Etiology | ||||
| Viral | Reference | Reference | ||
| Non-viral | 1.14 (0.69–1.88) | 0.61 | 1.33 (0.77–2.32) | 0.31 |
| Initial treatment (Yes) | 0.20 (0.11–0.37) | < 0.001 | 0.25 (0.13–0.49) | < 0.001 |
| ALBI grade | ||||
| 1 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2–3 | 3.06 (1.85–5.06) | < 0.001 | 2.93 (1.68–5.11) | < 0.001 |
| α-fetoprotein (log10 ug/mL) | 1.26 (1.06–1.49) | 0.008 | 1.15 (0.94–1.40) | 0.18 |
| mUICC stage | ||||
| I–II | Reference | Reference | ||
| III–IV | 2.79 (1.67–4.66) | < 0.001 | 2.03 (1.11–3.70) | 0.021 |
HR, hazard ratio; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; AFP, α-fetoprotein; mUICC, modified Union for International Cancer Control.
Model 3: adjusted for age (years), gender (male vs. female), ECOG (0 vs. 1–4), CKD (≥ 60 vs. < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), etiology of HCC (viral vs. non-viral), initial treatment (yes vs. no), ALBI grade (1 vs. 2–3), serum AFP (/log10 ug/mL), and mUICC stage (1–2 vs. 3–4).
ap-values for interaction between diagnosis mode and age were > 0.05.