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. 2024 Jun 21;15:1380620. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1380620

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Copyright © 2024 Reininghaus, Lenger, Schönthaler, Fellendorf, Stross, Schwarz, Moll, Reininghaus and Dalkner

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Degradation of tryptophan into kynurenine and serotonin, as well as their downstream metabolites. 5-HTRP = 5-Hydroxytryptophan. TDO = Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase. IDO = Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase. KMO = Kynurenine-3-monooxygenase. 3-OH-Kynurenine = 3-Hydroxykynurenine. 3-OH-Anthralinic acid = 3-Hydroxyanthralinic acid. NAD+/NADH = Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. NMDA-R = N-methyl-D-aspartate agonist. α7nACh-R agonist = Nicotinic acetylcholine agonist. ATP = Adenosine triphosphate. mGlu2/3 agonist = Metabotropic 2/3 agonist.