EXHIBIT 1.

Sociodemographic characteristics of US commercially insured delivering people with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses, 2008 and 2020

	2008				2020
	PTSD (n = 240)		No PTSD (n = 63,470)		PTSD (n = 954)		No PTSD (n = 50,266)
	Number	Percent	Number	Percent	Number	Percent	Number	Percent
Race and ethnicity  Asian	—a	—a	4,223	6.7	32	3.4	3,364	6.7
Black	15	6.3	5,681	9.0	94	9.9	4,137	8.2
Hispanic	16	6.7	7,941	12.5	103	10.8	6,390	12.7
Unknown	—a	—a	6,935	10.9	85	8.9	5,419	10.8
White	178	74.2	38,690	61.0	640	67.1	30,956	61.6
Age, years
15–26	60	25.0	10,965	17.3	263	27.6	7,181	14.3
27–34	102	42.5	34,176	53.8	437	45.8	27,051	53.8
35–39	52	21.7	14,452	22.8	202	21.2	12,948	25.8
40 or older	26	10.8	3,877	6.1	52	5.5	3,086	6.1
OBCMI score
0–1	173	72.1	49,917	78.6	634	66.5	37,149	73.9
2 or higher	67	27.9	13,553	21.4	320	33.5	13,117	26.1
PMAD diagnosis
No	73	30.4	54,387	85.7	130	13.6	36,669	72.9
Yes	167	69.6	9,083	14.3	824	86.4	13,597	27.1
Income as percent of federal poverty level
Less than 250%	22	9.2	7,224	11.4	283	29.7	11,818	23.5
250–400%	43	17.9	9,770	15.4	247	25.9	12,971	25.8
More than 400%	112	46.7	31,977	50.4	292	30.6	17,876	35.6
Unknown	63	26.3	14,499	22.8	132	13.8	7,601	15.1

SOURCE Authors’ analysis of Optum Clinformatics Data Mart claims data for women ages 15–44 who had a live-birth delivery during 2008–20 and had continuous enrollment in a single health plan for 12 months before and 12 months after delivery. NOTES OBCMI is Bateman Obstetric Comorbidity Index. PMAD is perinatal mood and anxiety disorder.

^aCell sizes lower than 11 are suppressed.