. 2024 Jul 5;57:44. doi: 10.1186/s40659-024-00517-x

Table 3.

Effect of in-vitro exposure of spermatozoa to different concentrations of lead acetate (0.5–20 ppm) on Total Cholesterol (mg/dl), cAMP (pmol/ml), Intracellular Ca²⁺ release in spermatozoa (%), and percent spermatozoa showing immune-localization of TPP (Tyrosine phosphorylated proteins) at different time intervals

Treatments	Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)		cAMP (pmol/ml)		Intracellular Ca²⁺ release in spermatozoa (%)		% Spermatozoa showing immunolocalization of TPP
Treatments	15 min	3 h	15 min	3 h	15 min	3 h	15 min	3.0 h
Control	33.80 ± 1.06^a	32.83 ± 0.77^a	0.18 ± 0.02^a	0.38 ± 0.07^a	46.44 ± 0.01^eB	42.46 ± 0.01^dA	80.13 ± 0.62^a	79.04 ± 0.55^a
0.5 ppm	34.14 ± 1.00^a	33.52 ± 0.80^a	0.31 ± 0.05^a	0.30 ± 0.12^a	32.70 ± 0.31^dA	41.86 ± 0.31^dB	78.95 ± 0.46^a	80.55 ± 0.27^ab
5 ppm	32.46 ± 1.03^a	33.38 ± 0.73^a	0.24 ± 0.04^a	0.25 ± 0.05^a	30.11 ± 0.31^cA	37.94 ± 0.63^cB	80.85 ± 0.52^aA	83.18 ± 0.19^bB
10 ppm	31.35 ± 0.38^a	30.14 ± 0.64^a	0.17 ± 0.02^a	0.17 ± 0.05^a	25.80 ± 0.31^bA	34.53 ± 0.33^bB	80.24 ± 0.52^a	82.10 ± 0.58^b
20 ppm	33.49 ± 0.86^a	32.16 ± 2.05^a	0.24 ± 0.02^a	0.25 ± 0.05^a	20.11 ± 0.310^aA	24.92 ± 0.31^aB	80.27 ± 0.23^a	81.66 ± 1.04^ab

Data presented are mean ± SE of the semen samples of six bucks

Different small superscripts in columns indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences between the different treatment groups

Different capital superscripts in rows indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences between the different time intervals