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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 5.
Published in final edited form as: Health Educ J. 2017 Sep 20;76(8):971–985. doi: 10.1177/0017896917729723

Table 1.

Sample demographics and tobacco use among adults (N = 2,007).

Overall Never smoker (28.8%) Ever/former smoker (39.4%) Daily/nondaily smoker (22.8%) Chi-square
Age 18–34 23.7 34.7 16.6 22.6 82.41
35–50 36.0 35.8 34.0 38.6
51–65 40.3 29.5 49.4 38.8
Sex Male 48.7 40.1 50.8 54.0 25.86
Female 51.3 59.9 49.2 46.0
Snus Yes 39.6 24.2 42.5 49.9 88.72
awareness No 60.4 75.8 57.5 50.1
Snus use Past 12 month use 6.0 0.9 3.3 14.1 111.53
Never use snus 94.0 99.1 96.7 85.9
Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic 65.5 60.6 70.4 63.9 36.41
Black, non-Hispanic 13.3 16.4 11.5 12.6
Asian/Pacific Islander 4.9 7.4 3.7 4.1
Hispanic 14.1 1.7 3.0 1.7
Other 2.2 13.8 11.4 17.7
Education Less than High School 2.0 3.6 1.0 1.7 55.02
High School Grad 16.3 14.3 14.4 20.6
Some College 40.7 34.0 41.1 46.2
College Degree or Higher 41.0 48.0 43.5 31.6
ST use Never User 83.6 97.2 81.4 73.8 157.86
Former User/Trier 10.7 1.9 14.7 13.8
Current User 5.7 0.9 3.9 12.4

ST: smokeless tobacco.

Chi-square tests showed all variables differed by smoking status at the p < .001 level.