Table 4. Multiple regression of outflow commuters.
| Variables | Commuting time (log) | Commuting distance (log) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef. | std. Error | Coef. | std. Error | |
| (Intercept) | 3.231 *** | 0.125 | 1.800 *** | 0.178 |
| Type of new towns: Pangyo Technopole Newtown | - | - | - | - |
| Wirye Residential Newtown | -0.048 | 0.047 | -0.133 ** | 0.067 |
| Gimpo Residential Newtown | 0.252 *** | 0.042 | 0.218 *** | 0.060 |
| Mode of transportation: Private car | - | - | - | - |
| Public transit | 0.558 *** | 0.037 | -0.052 | 0.053 |
| Walk and cycling | 0.096 | 0.071 | -0.412 *** | 0.101 |
| Others | -0.280 * | 0.169 | -0.585 ** | 0.241 |
| Access time to bus stop (log) | 0.041 | 0.037 | 0.056 | 0.053 |
| Age | -0.001 | 0.002 | -0.003 | 0.002 |
| Gender: Female | - | - | - | - |
| Male | 0.091 ** | 0.037 | 0.125 ** | 0.052 |
| Income: Less than 3 million | - | - | - | - |
| 3–5 million | 0.085 | 0.047 | 0.137 ** | 0.066 |
| more than 5 million | 0.168 *** | 0.050 | 0.254 *** | 0.072 |
| Job: Office Worker | - | - | - | - |
| Specialized skill | 0.106 | 0.068 | 0.193 ** | 0.098 |
| Service worker | -0.194 *** | 0.051 | -0.165 ** | 0.073 |
| Salesman | -0.167 *** | 0.044 | -0.267 *** | 0.063 |
| Manual worker | -0.144 ** | 0.058 | -0.332 *** | 0.083 |
| Others | 0.069 | 0.101 | -0.028 | 0.145 |
| Household members | 0.010 | 0.018 | 0.071 *** | 0.025 |
| Housing types: Apartment | - | - | - | - |
| Multi-family housing | 0.209 ** | 0.100 | 0.116 | 0.142 |
| Single-family housing | 0.047 | 0.064 | 0.005 | 0.091 |
| Row house | Villa | 0.171 | 0.106 | 0.069 | 0.152 |
| Others | -0.199 | 0.227 | -0.292 | 0.323 |
| Vehicle ownership: No | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | -0.054 | 0.057 | 0.061 | 0.082 |
| Observations | 987 | 987 | ||
| R2 / R2 adjusted | 0.304 / 0.289 | 0.183 / 0.165 | ||
| log-Likelihood | -682.697 | -1033.443 | ||
* p<0.1
** p<0.05
*** p<0.01