Table 2.
Physical and chemical parameters of spring water samples
Wet | Dry | Mean | SD | Min | Max | WHO (2011) | TS 266 (2005) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 9.05 | 8.11 | 8.58 | 0.85 | 6.35 | 10.14 | 7.5 | 6.5–9.5 |
WT(°C) | 10.64 | 15.14 | 12.89 | 3.39 | 7.20 | 19.00 | ||
DO (mg/L) | 9.82 | 8.79 | 9.30 | 1.18 | 5.95 | 13.84 | ||
EC (μScm−1) | 117.40 | 147.42 | 132.41 | 106.61 | 28.10 | 426.70 | 1500 | 2500 |
TDS (mg/L) | 96.84 | 109.82 | 103.33 | 92.76 | 25.40 | 480.00 | 600 | |
TA (mg/L) | 59.00 | 61.70 | 60.35 | 74.78 | 10.00 | 345.00 | 600 | |
TH (mg/L) | 78.10 | 80.00 | 79.05 | 82.12 | 15.00 | 411.00 | 100 | |
NO2-N (mg/L) | 0.038 | 0.045 | 0.042 | 0.011 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
NO3-N (mg/L) | 1.54 | 1.37 | 1.46 | 0.86 | 0.09 | 3.52 | 11.3 | 50 |
TP (mg/L) | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.55 | ||
Ca (mg/L) | 29.60 | 38.93 | 34.27 | 35.69 | 6.17 | 150.18 | 75 | |
K (mg/L) | 1.31 | 1.65 | 1.48 | 0.88 | 0.58 | 3.94 | 12 | |
Mg (mg/L) | 7.71 | 8.82 | 8.26 | 8.88 | 1.53 | 35.19 | 50 | |
Na (mg/L) | 10.45 | 10.27 | 10.36 | 7.24 | 4.49 | 38.15 | 200 | 200 |
Al (µg/L) | 1019 | 1167 | 1093 | 1008 | 2.11 | 4716 | 200 | |
Cr (µg/L) | 2.62 | 3.06 | 2.84 | 2.07 | 1.02 | 11.41 | 50 | 50 |
Mn (µg/L) | 15.53 | 30.53 | 23.03 | 58.51 | 1.31 | 267.80 | 400 | |
Fe (µg/L) | 44.39 | 90.50 | 67.45 | 51.76 | 1.59 | 236.64 | 300 | 200 |
Co (µg/L) | 1.90 | 1.96 | 1.93 | 1.98 | 1.18 | 10.71 | 50 | |
Ni (µg/L) | 2.37 | 3.63 | 3.00 | 1.96 | 1.21 | 11.86 | 70 | |
Cu (µg/L) | 4.59 | 14.99 | 9.79 | 24.59 | 0.95 | 158.33 | 2000 | 2000 |
Zn (µg/L) | 123.50 | 97.59 | 110.54 | 109.50 | 1.28 | 605.01 | 3000 | |
As (µg/L) | 4.23 | 3.26 | 3.75 | 2.76 | 0.27 | 11.87 | 10 | 10 |
Cd (µg/L) | 0.77 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.35 | 0.00 | 2.22 | 3 | 5 |
Pb(µg/L) | 2.33 | 3.16 | 2.75 | 1.83 | 0.55 | 8.91 | 10 | 10 |