Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the participants with and without DNA methylation age acceleration from Cohort 2 (n = 356)
| Total | Non-DNAm age acceleration | DNAm age acceleration | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of participants | 356 | 193 | 163 | |
| Male, n (%) | 149 (41.9%) | 77 (39.9%) | 72 (44.2%) | 0.415 |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 57 (16.0%) | 24 (12.4%) | 33 (20.3%) | 0.043 |
| Alcohol drinking, n (%) | 55 (15.4%) | 17 (8.8%) | 38 (23.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Chronological age, years | 61.2 ± 7.3 | 64.3 ± 6.8 | 57.5 ± 6.0 | < 0.001 |
| DNA methylation age, years | 60.8 ± 6.3 | 60.6 ± 6.4 | 60.9 ± 6.3 | 0.666 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.9 ± 3.0 | 23.7 ± 3.0 | 24.1 ± 3.0 | 0.239 |
| Height, cm | 162.1 ± 7.9 | 161.5 ± 7.9 | 162.9 ± 7.8 | 0.078 |
| Weight, kg | 62.8 ± 9.8 | 61.8 ± 9.5 | 64.0 ± 10.0 | 0.038 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 83.1 ± 8.7 | 82.8 ± 8.3 | 83.3 ± 9.2 | 0.600 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 130.7 ± 18.0 | 131.2 ± 17.8 | 130.0 ± 18.2 | 0.520 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 74.8 ± 10.3 | 73.4 ± 10.0 | 76.4 ± 10.5 | 0.007 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/L | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 5.5 ± 1.5 | 5.3 ± 1.1 | 0.169 |
| OGTT 2-h plasma glucose, mmol/L | 7.5 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 2.8 | 7.3 ± 3.1 | 0.263 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 1.1 | 5.7 ± 0.7 | 0.056 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.4 (1.1–2.2) | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 0.009 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 0.089 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.213 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.097 |
| ALT, U/L | 16 (12–23) | 16 (12–23) | 16 (13–23) | 0.723 |
| AST, U/L | 20 (18–24) | 21 (18–25) | 20 (17–23) | 0.145 |
| Liver fat content, % | 5.7 (2.2–12.9) | 5.6 (2.5–12.2) | 6.5 (1.8–13.1) | 0.814 |
The continuous parameters with normal distribution were presented as the means ± SD, and skewed parameters were presented as the median with the interquartile range (25–75%) given in parentheses
DNAm DNA methylation, BMI body mass index, OGTT oral glucose tolerance test, ALT alanine transaminase, AST aspartate transaminase