Fig. 5.

AKG pretreatment attenuates PA-induced hepatocyte dysfunction through PGC-1α. (A) Western blot image and (B) Statistical analysis on relative protein levels of PGC-1α, MFN1, MFN2, Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, ACC, and FASN in the HepG2 cells. (C) Western blot image and (D) Statistical analysis on relative protein levels of PGC-1α and Nrf2 in primary hepatocytes. HepG2 cells were treated with the Ctrl siRNA, PGC-1α siRNA, or/and Nrf2 siRNA before adding AKG and PA for 48 h. (E) Relative T-CHO, (F) Relative TG, (G) Relative ROS content. The values are means ± SEM from at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.