. 2024 May 31;13(3):e230233. doi: 10.1530/ETJ-23-0233
This work is licensed under a Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of mother–child dyads. Data are presented as mean ± s.d.or median (25th; 75th percentile) for continuous variables or as n (%) for categorical variables. Values in bold indicate statistical significance.
| All (n = 735) | Girls (n = 352) | Boys (n = 383) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | ||||
| Maternal age (years) | 30.3 ± 4.5 | 30.2 ± 4.3 | 30.4 ± 4.7 | 0.57 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 (21.3;26.6) | 22.8 (21.1;26.0) | 23.8 (21.5;27.1) | 0.003 |
| Parity | 0.31 | |||
| Nulliparous | 436 (59.3) | 202 (57.4) | 234 (61.1) | |
| Primi- and multi-parous | 299 (40.7) | 150 (42.6) | 149 (38.9) | |
| Smoking | 0.69 | |||
| Yes | 25 (3.4) | 11 (3.1) | 14 (3.7) | |
| No | 710 (96.6) | 341 (96.9) | 369 (96.3) | |
| Education | 0.29 | |||
| Low | 207 (28.2) | 91 (25.8) | 116 (30.3) | |
| Intermediate | 373 (50.8) | 179 (50.9) | 194 (50.6) | |
| High | 147 (20.0) | 77 (21.9) | 70 (18.3) | |
| Missing | 8 (1.0) | 5 (1.4) | 3 (0.8) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.93 | |||
| European | 708 (96.3) | 341 (96.9) | 367 (95.8) | |
| Non-European | 17 (2.3) | 8 (2.3) | 9 (2.4) | |
| Missing information | 10 (1.4) | 3 (0.8) | 7 (1.8) | |
| Thyroid status | ||||
| TPOAb ≥11.0 (kIU/L) | 52.6 (24.0;149.5) | 42.6 (23.1;137.0) | 83.5 (24.8;159.0) | 0.18 |
| n (%) | 88 (12.0) | 46 (13.1) | 42 (11.0) | |
| TPOAb <11.0 (kIU/L) | 647 (88.0) | 306 (47.3) | 341 (52.7) | 1.00 |
| FT4 (pmol/L) | 14.12 ± 1.91 | 14.27 ± 2.02 | 13.99 ± 1.79 | 0.03 |
| TSH (mIU/L) | 1.43 (0.92;2.06) | 1.41 (0.88;1.92) | 1.46 (0.93;2.16) | 0.29 |
| Offspring characteristics | ||||
| Gestational age (days) | 282 (276;288) | 282 (275;287) | 281 (274;287) | 0.51 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3567 ± 473 | 3501 ± 457 | 3628 ± 481 | <0.001 |
| Missing birth weight, n (%) | 1 (0.14) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.26) | |
| Birth length (cm) | 52.1 ± 2.1 | 51.7 ± 2.0 | 52.4 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| Missing birth length, n (%) | 7 (0.95) | 3 (0.85) | 4 (1.04) | |
| Exclusive breastfeeding (weeks) | 33 (16;48) | 33 (17;50) | 34 (15;46) | 0.30 |
| Missing data on breastfeeding, n (%) | 152 (20.7) | 70 (19.9) | 82 (20.4) |
*Difference between sexes, tested with independent t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables and χ2 tests for categorical variables.
FT4, free thyroxine; BMI, body mass index; TPOAb, antibodies against thyroid peroxidase; TSH, thyrotropin.