Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated With Clostridioides difficile Infection Episodes by Recurrence Status Within 365 Days
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No Recurrence Within 365 d (n = 2429) | Recurrence Within 365 d (n = 1623) |
||
| Race | |||
| White | 1057 (44) | 770 (47) | Reference |
| Black | 872 (36) | 606 (37) | 0.70 (.49–1.02) |
| Other | 34 (1.4) | 21 (1.3) | 0.93 (.23–3.73) |
| Unknown | 466 (19) | 226 (14) | 0.41 (.25–.66) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 1446 (60) | 955 (59) | Reference |
| Male | 983 (40) | 668 (41) | 0.95 (.82–1.10) |
| Age category | |||
| 18–44 | 344 (14) | 334 (21) | Reference |
| 45–64 | 794 (33) | 524 (32) | 0.60 (.36–1.02) |
| 65–79 | 821 (34) | 488 (30) | 0.60 (.36–1.01) |
| ≥80 | 470 (19) | 277 (17) | 0.52 (.3–.933) |
| Comorbid conditions | |||
| Peripheral vascular disease | 298 (12) | 203 (13) | 1.15 (.93–1.41) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 449 (18) | 255 (16) | 0.97 (.81–1.17) |
| Dementia | 337 (14) | 206 (13) | 0.97 (.78–1.19) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 630 (26) | 517 (32) | 1.28 (1.09–1.5) |
| Congestive heart failure | 1003 (41) | 780 (48) | 1.34 (1.16–1.55) |
| Rheumatoid diseasea | 134 (6) | 96 (6) | 1.05 (.77–1.44) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 187 (8) | 159 (10) | 1.23 (.96–1.60) |
| Mild liver disease | 262 (11) | 235 (14) | 1.29 (1.03–1.61) |
| Diabetes without complications | 805 (33) | 592 (36) | 1.12 (.95–1.29) |
| Diabetes with complications | 687 (28) | 565 (35) | 1.25 (1.06–1.46) |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 185 (8) | 104 (6) | 0.97 (.75–1.27) |
| Renal disease | 973 (40) | 813 (50) | 1.45 (1.25–1.67) |
| Cancer | 446 (18) | 273 (17) | 0.91 (.76–1.10) |
| Moderate to severe liver disease | 98 (4) | 68 (4) | 1.04 (.73–1.49) |
| HIV | 89 (4) | 78 (5) | 1.06 (.72–1.56) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 14 (0.6) | 35 (2.16) | 1.37 (.50–3.78) |
| Dialysis | 145 (6) | 179 (11) | 1.82 (1.40–2.37) |
| Exposures before (within 90 d) or during episode | |||
| Recent hospital admission | 1747 (72) | 1114 (69) | 0.92 (.63–1.34) |
| Recent intravenous antibiotics | 1108 (46) | 648 (40) | 0.90 (.64–1.28) |
| Onset during hospital admission | 256 (11) | 141 (9) | 0.82 (.46–1.49) |
| Exposures within 90 d after episode | |||
| Readmission | 831 (34) | 818 (50) | 1.78 (1.36–2.34) |
| Intravenous antibiotics | 488 (20) | 429 (26) | 1.29 (.93–1.77) |
| FMT received | 99 (4) | 51 (3) | 0.76 (.54–1.08) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OR, odds ratio.
aRheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease.