Reardon 1966.

Methods	Randomisation: randomly placed and assigned to one of three drugs, no further details. Allocation: randomly assigned by pharmacy. Blinding: not mentioned but assumed (“neither the ward personnel nor the investigators knew which drug the patients received”). Duration: 12 weeks. Design: parallel. Location: multicentre. Setting: inpatients.
Participants	Diagnosis: paranoid schizophrenia (Bleuler concept). N = 34. Gender: 22 M, 12 F. Age: n.i.. History: duration stable – n.i., duration ill ‐ n.i., number of previous hospitalisations ‐ n.i., age at onset ‐ n.i., severity of illness ‐ n.i., baseline antipsychotic dose ‐ n.i..
Interventions	1. Trifluoperazine: flexible dose, allowed dose range 20‐40 mg/day, mean dose n.i.. N = 11.  2. Chlorpromazine: flexible dose, allowed dose range 300‐600 mg/day, mean dose n.i.. N = 11.  Rescue medication: intramuscular barbiturates, 10 mg Artane.
Outcomes	Leaving the study early. Unable to use: Psychological: Minnestota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (incomplete data, no mean, no SD). Intelligence: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; Shipley Hartford (incomplete data, no mean, no SD).
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomly placed and assigned to one of three drugs, no further details.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomly assigned by pharmacy, no further details.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not indicated, but assumed (“neither the ward personnel nor the investigators knew which drug the patients received”).
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not indicated, but assumed (“neither the ward personnel nor the investigators knew which drug the patients received”).
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Drop‐outs were excluded from the final analysis (completers only). 3 out of 11 trifluoperazine (27%) and 2 out of 11 chlorpromazine (18%) participants left the study early.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Incomplete reporting of scale of interest.
Other bias	Low risk	No clear other bias.