Table 3.
Effects of FSN Treatment on Muscle Hardness in Patients Receiving Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Disorders
| Variables | Group | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FSN (n = 25) | Control (n = 24) | ||
| Latissimus dorsi muscle | |||
| Before | 67.51 ± 9.24 | 61.82 ± 8.18 | 0.020 |
| 1 hour | 62.24 ± 8.10 | 64.53 ± 7.65 | 0.299 |
| 24 hours | 59.63 ± 7.35 | 66.11 ± 7.24 | 0.002 |
| 48 hours | 55.06 ± 8.13 | 66.64 ± 7.52 | <0.001 |
| 72 hours | 51.85 ± 9.53 | 63.11 ± 8.87 | <0.001 |
| L3 paraspinal muscle | |||
| Before | 62.15 ± 9.27 | 58.47 ± 11.03 | 0.198 |
| 1 hour | 57.35 ± 11.59 | 58.90 ± 7.87 | 0.574 |
| 24 hours | 51.75 ± 8.50 | 56.59 ± 10.01 | 0.063 |
| 48 hours | 51.69 ± 10.28 | 60.54 ± 8.90 | 0.001 |
| 72 hours | 46.26 ± 7.41 | 58.66 ± 10.43 | <0.001 |
| Gluteus maximus muscle | |||
| Before | 54.64 ± 10.94 | 53.17 ± 11.25 | 0.636 |
| 1 hour | 55.23 ± 8.24 | 56.74 ± 6.62 | 0.469 |
| 24 hours | 51.34 ± 6.58 | 58.47 ± 9.90 | 0.003 |
| 48 hours | 48.62 ± 8.63 | 58.45 ± 10.59 | <0.001 |
| 72 hours | 45.01 ± 7.99 | 54.68 ± 12.36 | <0.001 |
Notes: Before: before operation. 24 hours: 24 hours after operation. 72 hours: 72 hours after operation. Continuous data are expressed as means ± standard deviations (SDs) and analyzed for between-group differences using GEE. Significant results are shown in bold.
Abbreviations: FSN, Fu’s subcutaneous needling group; Control, control group.