Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 6.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2023 Oct 16;186(22):4851–4867.e20. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.013

Figure 2. Viral inflammation drives serotonin deficiency.

Figure 2.

(A and B) Study schematic (A) and plasma serotonin (B) in viremia patients vs. healthy controls.

(C) Overview of viral infections in mice.

(D and E) Viral RNA load in lungs (D) and plasma serotonin levels (E) in K18-hACE2 mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 (USA-WA 1/2020).

(F and G) Viral RNA load in lungs (F) and plasma serotonin levels (G) in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.351).

(H and I) Viral RNA load in spleen (H) and plasma serotonin levels (I) in mice infected with VSV.

(J and K) Viral RNA load in ileum (J) and plasma serotonin levels (K) in mice infected with LCMV Armstrong (ARM) or Clone 13 (CL13) for 15 days.

(L–P) Plasma serotonin levels in control and poly(I:C)-treated mice (L and M), ex-poly(I:C) mice (M), anti-IFNAR-treated mice (N), TLR3−/− mice (O), and STAT1−/− mice (P).

(Q) Schematic of serotonin reduction by viral RNA.

Plotted are means ± SEM. n.s. p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. See also Figure S3.