Table 4.
Standardized regression coefficients with 99% bootstrapped confidence intervals for the results of tests of direct association paths from the externalizing polygenic score (PGS) to each dimension of psychological problems and indirect paths from the externalizing PGS to problem dimensions through total gray matter volume in each of three annual assessments, with problem dimensions alternatively defined in correlated factors models (upper panels) or bifactor models (lower panels).
| Problem Dimensions | Indirect Path | Direct Path | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 99% CI | R2 | β | 99% CI | R2 | |
| Correlated Factors Models of Outcomes | ||||||
| Baseline Assessment | ||||||
| Internalizing | 0.005 | 0.001, 0.011 | < 0.1% | 0.034 | −0.019, 0.091 | |
| Conduct Problems | 0.012 | 0.003, 0.022 | < 0.1% | 0.135 | 0.089, 0.186 | 1.2% |
| ADHD | 0.010 | 0.002, 0.018 | < 0.1% | 0.109 | 0.059, 0.162 | 1.2% |
| Follow-up Wave 1 Assessment | ||||||
| Internalizing | 0.003 | −0.001, 0.009 | 0.024 | −0.031, 0.083 | ||
| Conduct Problems | 0.010 | 0.003, 0.020 | < 0.1% | 0.158 | 0.105, 0.209 | |
| ADHD | 0.007 | 0.002, 0.015 | < 0.1% | 0.126 | 0.078, 0.177 | |
| Follow-up Wave 2 Assessment | ||||||
| Internalizing | 0.003 | −0.001, 0.008 | 0.030 | −0.023, 0.082 | ||
| Conduct Problems | 0.011 | 0.003, 0.020 | < 0.1% | 0.157 | 0.104, 0.211 | 2.5% |
| ADHD | 0.007 | 0.002, 0.014 | 0.111 | 0.059, 0.155 | 1.2% | |
| Bifactor Models of Outcomes | ||||||
| Baseline Assessment | ||||||
| General Factor | 0.009 | 0.001, 0.018 | < 0.1% | 0.087 | 0.027, 0.147 | 1.0% |
| Specific Internalizing | −0.005 | −0.015, 0.000 | −0.047 | −0.105, 0.027 | ||
| Specific Conduct Problems | 0.011 | 0.003, 0.114 | < 0.1% | 0.140 | 0.077, 0.214 | 1.0% |
| Specific ADHD | 0.004 | −0.005, 0.118 | 0.053 | −0.024, 0.134 | ||
| Follow-up Wave 1 Assessment | ||||||
| General Factor | 0.005 | −0.064, 0.014 | 0.110 | 0.021 0.166 | 1.2% | |
| Specific Internalizing | −0.005 | −0.075, 0.063 | −0.068 | −0.130, 0.083 | ||
| Specific Conduct Problems | 0.014 | 0.002, 0.226 | < 0.1% | 0.128 | 0.014, 0.208 | 1.6% |
| Specific ADHD | 0.007 | −0.005, 0.213 | 0.059 | −0.050, 0.137 | ||
| Follow-up Wave 2 Assessment | ||||||
| General Factor | 0.009 | −0.011, 0.022 | 0.108 | 0.048, 0.165 | 1.2% | |
| Specific Internalizing | −0.008 | −0.023, −0.001 | < 0.1% | −0.070 | −0.136, −0.005 | < 0.1% |
| Specific Conduct Problems | 0.009 | 0.002, 0.047 | < 0.1% | 0.137 | 0.071, 0.214 | 1.9% |
| Specific ADHD | −0.001 | −0.025, 0.066 | 0.026 | −0.058, 0.115 | ||