Table 2. Summary of clinical and radiographic findings from the study sample at the implant level by diagnostic category.
| Peri-implant parameters | Diagnostic category | Significancea) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy implant sites (n=159) | Peri-implant mucositis sites (n=127) | Peri-implantitis sites (n=93) | χ2 value | F test value | P value | ||
| Gingival swellingb) | 177.529 | - | <0.001c) | ||||
| Absent | 159 (100.0) | 42 (33.1) | 29 (31.2) | ||||
| Present | - | 85 (66.9)e) | 64 (68.8)e) | ||||
| Rednessb) | 206.979 | - | <0.001c) | ||||
| Absent | 159 (100.0) | 31 (24.4) | 26 (28.0) | ||||
| Present | - | 96 (75.6)e) | 67 (72.0)e) | ||||
| Suppurationb) | 39.994 | - | <0.001c) | ||||
| Absent | 159 (100.0) | 119 (93.7) | 73 (78.5) | ||||
| Present | - | 8 (6.3)e) | 20 (21.5)e)f) | ||||
| Bleeding on probingb) | 179.715 | - | <0.001c) | ||||
| Absent/1 site | 159 (100.0) | 51 (40.2) | 22 (23.7) | ||||
| ≥2 sites | - | 76 (59.8)e) | 71 (76.3)e)f) | ||||
| Maximum PD (mm) | 3.28±0.83 | 3.50±0.93 | 5.86±1.61e)f) | - | 179.531 | <0.001d) | |
| Maximum IRBL (mm) | 1.35±0.70 | 1.37±0.73 | 3.53±1.61e)f) | - | 160.651 | <0.001d) | |
| Maximum percentage of IRBL | 11.95±6.98 | 13.57±7.93 | 35.20±19.40e)f) | - | 133.747 | <0.001d) | |
| IRBL/age ratio | 0.21±0.14 | 0.23±0.15 | 0.57±0.33e)f) | - | 105.633 | <0.001d) | |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
PD: probing depth, IRBL: interproximal radiographic bone loss, df: degrees of freedom.
a)All df values = 2. b)Data based on the number of implants within each parameter by diagnostic category. c)Two-sided Pearson χ2 test. d)One-way analysis of variance. e)Statistically significant difference (P<0.05; χ2, Fisher exact, or Games-Howell post hoc comparison tests) compared with the healthy implant group. f)Statistically significant difference (P<0.05, χ2 or Games-Howell post hoc comparison tests) compared with the peri-implant mucositis group.