Table 1.
Baseline cohort characteristics.
| Characteristic | No hepatic steatosis (n=216,230) |
Hepatic steatosis (n=161,909) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.40 ± 8.21 | 56.77 ± 7.91 | <0.0001 |
| Female, n (%) | 118,773 (54.93%) | 84,276 (52.05%) | <0.0001 |
| White, race, n (%) | 204,858 (94.74) | 151,814 (93.77%) | <0.0001 |
| Townsend deprivation index | -1.51 ± 2.98 | -1.10 ± 3.15 | <0.0001 |
| Educational level, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| College degree | 78,808 (36.45%) | 43,298 (26.74%) | |
| Middle school graduate | 70,337 (32.53%) | 52,980 (32.72%) | |
| None of the above | 67,085 (31.02%) | 65,631 (40.54%) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m²) | 24.48 ± 2.46 | 31.32 ± 4.23 | <0.0001 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Never | 122,333 (56.58%) | 84,169 (51.99%) | |
| Previous | 70,269 (32.50%) | 61,673 (38.09%) | |
| Current | 23,628 (10.93%) | 16,067 (9.92%) | |
| Physical activity, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Light | 75,572 (34.82%) | 71,484 (43.93%) | |
| Moderate | 53,360 (24.59%) | 36,690 (22.55) | |
| High | 88,110 (40.50%) | 54,546 (33.52%) | |
| Disease history at baseline, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 79,027 (36.55%) | 99,562 (61.49%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 19,712 (9.12%) | 44,036 (27.20%) | <0.0001 |
| High triglycerides | 61,274 (28.34%) | 90,245 (55.74%) | <0.0001 |
| Low HDL | 26,019 (12.03%) | 49,557 (30.61%) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 80.14 ± 10.43 | 85.06 ± 10.35 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 137.17 ± 19.77 | 143.27 ± 18.89 | <0.0001 |
| Systemic inflammation indicators | |||
| C-reactive protein (CRP, mg/L) | 1.94 ± 3.90 | 3.46 ± 4.69 | <0.0001 |
| Platelet count (10^9 cells/L) | 250.49 ± 58.89 | 255.29 ± 60.74 | <0.0001 |
| Lymphocyte count (10^9 cells/L) | 1.89 ± 1.32 | 2.07 ± 0.85 | <0.0001 |
| Monocyte count (10^9 cells/L) | 0.46 ± 0.32 | 0.50 ± 0.22 | <0.0001 |
| Neutrophil count (10^9 cells/L) | 4.10 ± 1.40 | 4.41 ± 1.42 | <0.0001 |
| Systemic immune-inflammation (SII) | 599.02 ± 359.59 | 596.32 ± 370.83 | <0.0001 |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) | 2.38 ± 1.21 | 2.33 ± 1.29 | <0.0001 |
| Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) | 146.11 ± 60.28 | 135.29 ± 63.34 | <0.0001 |
| Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) | 4.60 ± 3.74 | 4.67 ± 4.96 | <0.0001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 18.93 ± 8.56 | 29.61 ± 17.41 | <0.0001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 25.19 ± 9.28 | 27.56 ± 11.10 | <0.0001 |
| Triglycerides | 1.48 ± 0.82 | 2.09 ± 1.13 | <0.0001 |
| Glucose | 4.93 ± 0.82 | 5.39 ± 1.58 | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol | 1.55 ± 0.39 | 1.32 ± 0.33 | <0.0001 |