Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of CHeCS CHB Decedents and Survivors Aged ≥18 Years, 2006–2014
| Number (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Baseline Characteristics | CHeCS CHB Decedents, n = 492 | Surviving CHeCS CHB Population, n = 3897 | P Value |
| Age as of 1/1/2006, in years (86 missing) | |||
| 18–29 | 12 (2.4) | 796 (20.9) | |
| 30–44 | 91 (18.5) | 1495 (39.2) | |
| 45–59 | 223 (45.4) | 1195 (31.4) | |
| 60–74 | 129 (26.3) | 298 (7.8) | |
| 75+ | 36 (7.3) | 28 (0.7) | <.001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 365 (74.2) | 2072 (53.2) | |
| Female | 127 (25.8) | 1825 (46.8) | <.001 |
| Race (23 missing) | |||
| White | 199 (40.6) | 788 (20.3) | |
| Black | 133 (27.1) | 519 (13.4) | |
| Hispanic | 7 (1.4) | 65 (1.7) | |
| Asian | 90 (18.4) | 1890 (48.8) | |
| Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 29 (5.9) | 277 (7.2) | |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 32 (6.5) | 337 (8.7) | <.001 |
| Site | |||
| Kaiser Permanente–Northwest, Portland, Oregon | 85 (17.3) | 1277 (32.8) | |
| Kaiser Permanente–Honolulu, Hawaii | 82 (16.7) | 1063 (27.3) | |
| Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan | 267 (54.3) | 1260 (32.3) | |
| Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania | 58 (11.8) | 297 (7.6) | <.001 |
| Median household income | |||
| <$15000 | 16 (3.4) | 55 (1.5) | |
| >$15000–30 000 | 97 (20.4) | 477 (12.9) | |
| >$30 000–<50 000 | 231 (48.5) | 1502 (40.5) | |
| >$50 000–<75 000 | 93 (19.5) | 1162 (31.3) | |
| >$75 000 | 39 (8.2) | 513 (13.8) | <.001 |
| Insurance status | |||
| Medicaid | 44 (9.4) | 367 (9.6) | |
| Medicare only | 94 (20.0) | 337 (8.8) | |
| Medicare Plus | 125 (26.6) | 364 (9.5) | |
| Private | 175 (37.2) | 2649 (69.1) | |
| None | 32 (6.8) | 119 (3.1) | <.001 |
| Baseline clinical characteristics | |||
| HBeAg status | |||
| Ever HBeAg(+) | 127 (25.8) | 701 (18.0) | |
| Always HBeAg(−) | 169 (34.3) | 2080 (53.4) | |
| HBeAg status missing | 196 (39.8) | 1116 (28.6) | <.001 |
| Median HBV DNA level | |||
| <2000 IU/mL | 69 (14.0) | 1046 (26.8) | |
| 2000–20 000 IU/mL | 36 (7.3) | 510 (13.1) | |
| >20 000 IU/mL | 144 (29.3) | 878 (22.5) | |
| HBV DNA positive; level unknown | 23 (4.7) | 116 (3.0) | |
| HBV DNA missing | 220 (44.7) | 1347 (34.6) | <.001 |
| Cirrhosis | |||
| FIB-4 > 5.17 | 132 (26.8) | 119 (3.1) | <.001 |
| FIB-4 > 1.58 to ≤5.17 | 176 (35.8) | 808 (20.7) | |
| FIB-4 ≤ 1.58 | 78 (15.9) | 2086 (53.5) | |
| FIB-4 missing | 106 (21.5) | 884 (22.7) | |
| Liver biopsy evidence of cirrhosis | 16 (3.2) | 28 (0.7) | <.001 |
| ICD-9-CM and CPT codes for cirrhosis | 60 (12.2) | 93 (2.4) | <.001 |
| ICD-9-CM and CPT codes for hepatic decompensation | 182 (37.0) | 116 (3.0) | <.001 |
| Cirrhosis by any criteria (above) | 294 (59.8) | 467 (12.0) | <.001 |
| Selected risk factors and outcomes | |||
| BMI < 25 | 115 (23.4) | 1607 (41.2) | <.001 |
| BMI 25 to < 30 | 106 (21.5) | 1056 (27.1) | |
| BMI ≥ 30 | 102 (20.7) | 814 (20.9) | |
| BMI missing | 169 (34.3) | 420 (10.8) | |
| History of alcohol abuse | 87 (17.7) | 235 (6.0) | <.001 |
| History of diabetes | 134 (27.2) | 485(12.4) | <.001 |
| Hepatitis C coinfection | 52 (10.6) | 118 (3.0) | <.001 |
| HIV coinfection | 67 (13.6) | 214 (5.5) | <.001 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 86 (17.5) | 45 (1.2) | <.001 |
| Liver transplantation | 28 (5.7) | 46 (1.2) | <.001 |
| Ever treated for CHB | 200 (40.7) | 873 (22.4) | <.001 |
| Mean (median) follow up (years) from 1 January 2006 | 3.0 (2.3) | 5.68 (6.0) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; CHeCS, Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study; CPT, Current Procedural Terminology; DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid; FIB-4, fibrosis-4 score; HBeA, hepatitus B e antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification.