Table 2. Estimated Health Debt for Use of Preventive Services and Diagnoses of New Chronic Disease in 2020–2022 Compared With 2018–2019, National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORnet)^a .

Service or diagnosis	2020	2021	2022	2020–2022
Preventive services, %
Wellness visit	90	98	100	96
Hemoglobin A1C	100	110	120	110
Lipid testing	95	102	105	101
Colonoscopy	89	86	81	85
Stool-based test	94	103	130	109
Lung computed tomography	113	144	190	149
Mammogram	93	101	99	98
Papanicolaou tests or human papillomavirus tests	84	92	81	86
New chronic disease diagnoses, %
Hypertension	90	98	99	96
Diabetes	87	92	100	93
Cholesterol	90	96	106	98
Colorectal cancer	90	91	97	93
Colonic adenoma	81	93	105	94
Lung cancer	89	85	88	87
Breast cancer	92	95	97	95
Cervical cancer	87	81	83	84
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma in situ	90	87	87	88

^a The average from 2018 to 2019 was used as the baseline for estimation of health debt. The observed annual numbers were then divided by the expected annual numbers, for each year individually (2020, 2021, and 2022), as well as collectively (2020–2022). Percentages indicate health debt if less than 100%. Health debt for mammograms, Papanicolaou tests and/or human papillomavirus tests, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma in situ are presented for all women; all other health debt estimates are for all patients (men and women). Colonoscopy indicates colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. Stool-based test indicates stool-based colorectal test. Cholesterol indicates initiation of a new cholesterol medication.