Table 2.

Summary of included articles characteristics

Characteristics	Number (%)
Country or territory
US	115 (42%)
UK	52 (19%)
Canada	25 (9%)
Australia	21 (8%)
Netherlands	11 (4%)
Ireland	7 (3%)
Taiwan	6 (2%)
Others	36 (13%)
Year of publication
2020–2023	61 (22%)
2010–2019	152 (56%)
2000–2009	60 (22%)
Study design
Quantitative	128 (47%)
Qualitative	117 (43%)
Mixed methods	28 (10%)
Professional role/cadre of focus
Nurse practitioner	183 (67%)
Physician assistant/associate	41 (15%)
Clinical officer	7 (3%)
Mixed cadre	38 (14%)
Others	4 (1%)
Setting
Inpatient	91 (33%)
Outpatient	18 (7%)
Emergency	51 (19%)
Ambulatory	1 (0.3%)
Other mixed setting	112 (41%)
Focus
Development and recruitment	102 (37%)
Integration	221 (81%)
Retention and career development	43 (16%)