Table 2.

Variation in preoperative test and preoperative consultancies, before and after the intervention, and relative cost-analysis

Preoperative test	2019 (N, percent^a)	2021 (N, percent^a)	p value^b	Delta volume	Delta cost (€)	Delta cost (%)
EKG	6055 (107.2)	4508 (95.2)	< 0.001	− 1547	− 17,976	− 25.5%
Cardiology consult	3948 (69.9)	2538 (53.6)	< 0.001	− 1410	− 23,307	− 35.7%
Chest X-ray	3267 (57.9)	794 (16.8)	< 0.001	− 2473	− 34,474	− 75.7%
Preoperative anticoagulation clinic	975 (17.3)	770 (16.3)	0.18	− 205	− 3389	− 21.0%
Transthoracic cardiac ultrasonography	493 (8.7)	462 (9.8)	0.08	− 31	− 1340	− 6.3%
Spirometry	474 (8.4)	194 (4.1)	< 0.001	− 280	− 8134	− 59.1%
Pneumological consult	185 (3.3)	172 (3.6)	0.35	13	− 215	− 7.0%
Nutritional preoperative assessment	52 (0.9)	98 (2.1)	< 0.001	46	760	88.5%
Carotid duplex ultrasound	92 (1.6)	78 (1.6)	> 0.99	− 14	− 615	− 15.2%
Diabetic preoperative assessment	78 (1.4)	35 (0.7)	0.002	− 43	− 710	− 55.1%
TOTAL	15,619	9,649	–	− 5970	− 89,400	− 36.5%

EKG percentages sum up to more than 100%, as they could be repeated more than once (i.e., if an unplanned cardiology consult is requested)

EKG Electrocardiogram

^aPercentages as a number of tests on number of preoperative pathways

^bChi-square test