Table 3.
Value-based outcomes in the whole cohort
| Tier | Dimension | Outcome 2019 (N, percent) |
Outcome 2021 (N, percent) |
p valuec |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical outcome | Mortality | 16 (0.26) | 11 (0.23) | 0.75 |
| Process impacts | ICU admissions | 244 (4.0) | 165 (3.4) | 0.39 |
| Cancelled surgery (after hospital admission) | 1.0 (0.02) | 0.0 (0.00) | > 0.99 | |
| Mean number of preoperative tests per patient | 6.15 (2.50)a | 5.32 (2.60)a | < 0.001 | |
| Chest X-rays | 3,267 (57.9) | 794 (16.8) | < 0.001 | |
| Preoperative cardiac consult | 3,948 (69.9) | 2,538 (53.6) | < 0.001 | |
| Patient requested to access the preoperative clinic for more than 2 days | 707 (11.7) | 381 (8.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Lead time in preoperative clinics (mins) | 376 (129)a | 295 (149)a | < 0.001 | |
| Value time in preoperative clinics (mins) | 109 (39)a | 87 (31)a | < 0.001 | |
| Value time (percent) | 33% (19) | 40 (29) | < 0.001 | |
| Sustainability impacts | Hospital length of stay (days) | 3.0 (1.0, 7.0)b | 3.0 (2.0, 7.0)b | 0.01 |
| Medical controls requested in-hospital after the conclusion of preoperative assessment | 171 (2.8) | 123 (2.5) | 0.34 |
aMean (SD)
bMedian (IQR). Percentages are calculated on the whole surgical population (day hospital and inpatients)
cChi-square test or Mann–Whitney U test