Table 1.

Concentrations of cytokines in the serum of ALS patients and healthy controls

Analyte (pg/ml)	ALS patients (n = 100), median (IQR)	Healthy controls (n = 34), median (IQR)	P value (Mann–Whitney test)
G-CSF	7.77 (2.03–14.03)	18.45 (11.33–18.45)	< 0.0001*
IFN-γ	1.36 (0.62–2.66)	3.69 (1.0975–3.69)	0.0120
IL-10	1.47 (0.61–3.45)	3.88 (3.29–3.88)	< 0.0001*
IL-15	0.88 (0.54–2.02)	0.32 (0.26–0.32)	< 0.0001*
IL-17A	1.69 (0.53–4.74)	0.695 (0.32–0.695)	0.011
IL-1β	0.36 (0.36–1.56)	5.27 (1.48–5.27)	< 0.0001*
IL-2	0.48 (0.48–1.57)	9.24 (6.915–9.24)	< 0.0001*
IL-4	2.51 (2.51–3.30)	5.57 (1.63–5.57)	0.7741
IL-6	0.40 (0.40–3.44)	5.53 (3.6425–5.53)	< 0.0001*
IL-8	10.85 (5.87–17.79)	1.38 (1.38–1.38)	< 0.0001*
MCP-1	340.80 (208.26–444.78)	679.73 (571.525–679.73)	< 0.0001*
MIP-1α	3.57 (1.61–5.90)	15.41 (9.67–15.41)	< 0.0001*
TNF-α	9.54 (3.29–14.68)	17.04 (8.685–17.04)	0.003*
VEGF-A	43.76 (4.12–97.95)	469.469 (206.245–469.469)	< 0.0001*

P-values were calculated with Mann–Whitney test; ^*p-value adj < 0.0035