Table 2.
Comparison of intraoperative and postoperative clinical characteristics of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and conversion to open cholecystectomy groups
| Total (n = 42) | LC group | COC group | p = value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 28, 66.6%) | (n = 14, 33.3%) | |||
| Perforation area, n (%) | < 0.001** | |||
| Fundus | 24 (57.1%) | 22 (78.5%) | 2 (14.2%) | |
| Body | 8 (19.0%) | 4 (14.2%) | 4 (28.5%) | |
| Neck | 10 (23.8%) | 2 (7.14%) | 8 (57.1%) | |
| Completion of surgery, n (%) | 0.040** | |||
| Total cholecystectomy | 36 (85.7%) | 24 (85.7%) | 12 (85.7%) | |
| Subtotal cholecystectomy | 2 (4.76%) | 0 | 2 (14.3%) | |
| Cholecystostomy | 4 (9.52%) | 4 (14.3%) | 0 | |
| Modified Nassar scales, n (%) | 0.040*** | |||
| I | 1 (2.6%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0 | |
| II | 11 (28.2%) | 9 (34.6%) | 2 (28.2%) | |
| III | 15 (38.5%) | 12 (46.2%) | 3 (23.1%) | |
| IV | 10 (25.6%) | 4 (15.4%) | 6 (46.2%) | |
| V | 2 (5.1%) | 0 | 2 (15.4%) | |
| No record | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Surgical complication, n (%) | 0.346** | |||
| Negative | 26 (61.9%) | 20 (71.4%) | 6 (42.9%) | |
| Positive | 16 (38.0%) | 8 (28.6%) | 8 (57.1%) | |
| Wound site infection | 0 | 2 (14.3%) | ||
| Intrabdominal sepsis | 2 (7.1%) | 4 (28.6%) | ||
| Pulmonary infection | 4 (14.3%) | 0 | ||
| MODS | 2 (7.1%) | 0 | ||
| Bile tract injury | 0 | 2 (14.3%) | ||
| Clavien – Dindo classification, n (%) | 30 | 17 | 13 | 0.011** |
| I | 7 (23.3%) | 5 (29.4%) | 2 (15.4%) | |
| II | 6 (20.0%) | 6 (35.3%) | 0 | |
| IIIA | 3 (10.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 2 (15.4%) | |
| IIIB | 6 (20.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 5 (38.5%) | |
| IV | 3 (10.0%) | 0 | 3 (23.1%) | |
| V | 5 (16.7%) | 4 (23.5%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| Major complication†, n | 17/30 | 17-Jun | 13-Nov | 0.007** |
| Bile culture reproduction, n (%) | ||||
| Negative | 37 (88.09%) | 24 (85.72%) | 13 (92.85%) | 0.558** |
| Positive | 5 (11.90%) | 4 (14.28%) | 1 (7.14%) | |
| Candida tropicalis | ||||
| Escherichia coli | ||||
| Duration of hospitalization, median (range), day | 5 (2–25) | 4.5 (2–19) | 5.0 (3–25) | 0.483* |
| Mortality, n (%) | 0.65** | |||
| Positive | 5 (11.9%) | 4 (14.3%) | 1 (7,14%) | |
| Negative | 37 (88.0%) | 24 (85.7%) | 13 (92.9%) | |
| Duration of surgery, median (range), minutes | 120 (60–225) | 105.0 (60–225) | 125.0 (110–180) | 0.035* |
| Primary surgeon age, median (range), year | 44 (34–63) | 42 (34–63) | 55 (36–59) | 0.001* |
n: number, WBC: white blood cell, MODS: Multiple Organ Dysfunction Sydrome, LC: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, COC: conversion to open cholecystectomy, Clavien – Dindo ≥ III
Bold values indicate statistically significant p values (p < 0.05)
*: Mann -Whitney U test, **: Chi-square test, ***: Fisher’s exact tests