Table 3.
Regression results using within effects (admin1 state-level outcomes)
| Incidence inequality | Case fatality inequality | |
|---|---|---|
| ln(total malaria spending) | − 0.024 (0.008)** | − 0.033 (0.013)** |
| Government malaria expenditure | − 0.045 (0.029) | 0.198 (0.048)*** |
| Spending on prevention | 0.019 (0.029) | |
| Spending on treatment | 0.105 (0.060) | |
| Spending on health systems strengthening | 0.002 (0.029) | − 0.115 (0.045)* |
| ln(GDP per capita) | − 0.012 (0.023) | − 0.023 (0.038) |
| Age dependency ratio | − 0.001 (0.001) | 0.003 (0.002) |
| Healthcare Access and Quality Index | − 0.011 (0.004)* | − 0.000 (0.007) |
| Average maternal education | 0.064 (0.022)** | 0.010 (0.037) |
| Population-weighted mean temperature | 0.028 (0.014)* | 0.004 (0.022) |
| National malaria incidence rate | − 0.274 (0.062)*** | − 0.289 (0.103)** |
| Number of observations | 440 | 438 |
| R2 | 0.142 | 0.127 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.009 | − 0.009 |
| F statistic | 6.291 (df = 10; 380)*** | 5.491 (df = 10; 378)*** |
Results based on a fixed effects model for the Gini coefficient
Number of clusters = 40
***Significant at the 0.001 level
**Significant at the 0.01 level
*Significant at the 0.05 level