Table 2.

Clinical outcomes by cohort and for treatment-resistant subgroup. Mean PHQ-9 and change over time

	Total Sample	Treatment-Resistant Subgroup
UC – PHQ-9, mean (SD)	n = 583	n = 258
Baseline	15.5 (4.5)	16.2 (4.8)
Study end	11.3 (6.3)	13.0 (6.6)
Change from baseline to study end	4.2 (6.4) p < .001	3.2 (6.3) p < .001
TMS – PHQ-9, mean (SD)	n = 89	n = 84
Baseline	17.9 (4.7)	18.0 (4.8)
TMS start	17.6 (4.5)	17.7 (4.6)
TMS end	11.3 (6.3)	11.2 (6.4)
Study end	12.2 (5.9)	12.1 (5.8)
Change from TMS start to TMS end	6.3 (6.2) p < .001	6.5 (6.2) p < .001
Change from baseline to study end	5.7 (6.7) p < .001	5.8 (6.7) p < .001

Abbreviations: PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire, SD Standard deviation, TMS Transcranial magnetic stimulation, UC Usual care