Table 3. Pathological characteristics and surgical characteristics.
n: number; mo: months; BMS: bone marrow stimulation; EMCA: extracellular matrix cartilage allograft; AOT: autologous osteochondral transplantation; CBMA: concentrated bone marrow aspirate; MCM: micronized cartilage matrix; BMAC: bone marrow aspirate concentrate; PRP: platelet-rich plasma
| Author | Patients (n) | Ankle (n) | Mean lesion area (mm2) | Lesion location | Shoulder lesions | Cystic lesions | History of prior microfracture | Technique | ||
| Medial | Lateral | Central | ||||||||
| BMS augmented with EMCA | ||||||||||
| Shimozono et al. 2021 [10] | 24 | 24 | 31.3 | 13 | 9 | 2 | 16 | 7 | 8 | BMS+EMCA |
| Ahmad et al. 2017 [12] | 30 | 30 | 110 | 19 | 8 | 3 | - | - | - | Arthroscopic excision+microfracture+ECM |
| Allahabadi et al. 2021 (EMCA+cBMA) [11] | 14 | 14 | 106.5 | 14 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | Microfracture+MCM+BMAC |
| Allahabadi et al. 2021 (EMCA+PRP) [11] | 6 | 6 | 45.9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | Microfracture+MCM with PRP |
| Arthroscopic debridement augmented with EMCA | ||||||||||
| Drakos et al. 2021 [9] | 62 | 62 | 52.6 | 34 | 27 | 1 | - | - | - | ECM-BMAC |
| AOT augmented with EMCA | ||||||||||
| Mercer et al. 2021 [7] | 26 | 26 | 136.6 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 15 | - | AOT+CBMA/EMCA single graft=19; double graft=7 |