TABLE 4.
Comparison of biomarker levels among slow, intermediate, and fast progressors.
| Biomarker | N | Slow progressors (n = 24) | N | Intermediate progressors (n = 67) | N | Fast progressors (n = 12) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SerpinA1CSF, μg/mL | 16 | 4.91 (3.04–6.55) | 60 | 4.46 (3.19–6.61) | 10 | 8.62 (4.67–13.31) | 0.058 |
| SerpinA1serum, μg/mL | 24 | 1174.62 (896.8–1841.8) | 65 | 1003.3 (618.6–1304.5) | 12 | 788.6 (581.1–1350.1) | 0.160 |
| SerpinA1 ratio | 16 | 0.004 (0.003–0.006) | 58 | 0.004 (0.003–0.008) | 10 | 0.007 (0.006–0.2) | 0.098 |
| NfLCSF, pg/mL | 9 | 2821 (1879–3249) | 50 | 7152.1 (3906–13,124) | 8 | 10963.5 (8777.5–25726.5) | <0.001 |
| NfLserum, pg/mL | 11 | 53.6 (43.1–68.5) | 52 | 117 (75.9–152.5) | 9 | 206 (191–268) | <0.001 |
| NfHCSF, pg/mL | 16 | 2565.5 (1873–3557.5) | 60 | 4180.5 (2561–7330.5) | 10 | 8325.5 (7601–12,401) | <0.001 |
| NfHserum, pg/mL | 24 | 816 (536–1352.5) | 65 | 1467 (611–2715) | 12 | 2005.5 (1336.5–3293.5) | 0.012 |
| CHIT3L1CSF, ng/mL | 16 | 50.20 (41.30–71.06) | 60 | 95.46 (56.10–149) | 10 | 91.5 (45.5–190) | 0.021 |
| CHIT3L1serum, ng/mL | 24 | 38.59 (27.71–77.17) | 65 | 36.56 (27.97–62.73) | 12 | 34.26 (22.88–60) | 0.684 |
| BBB damage index, % | 12 | 0.53 (0.36–0.66) | 25 | 0.49 (0.37–0.65) | 6 | 0.49 (0.35–1.12) | 0.961 |
Note: Data are presented as median (IQR). P‐values inferior to 0.05 were presented in bold character to denote statistical significance.
Abbreviations: BBB damage index, blood–brain barrier damage index; CHI3L1, chitinase‐3‐like protein‐1; IQR, interquartile range; NfL, neurofilament light chain; NfH, neurofilament heavy chain.