TABLE 2.
Incident outcomes in the age‐ and sex‐matched population according to history of epilepsy or no epilepsy.
| Outcome | No epilepsy, n = 682,349 | Epilepsy, n = 682,349 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) |
p | Subdistribution hazard ratio (95% CI) | p | |||||||
| Person‐time (patient‐ years) | Events, n | Incidence, %/year (95% CI) | Person‐time (patient‐ years) | Events, n | Incidence, %/year (95% CI) | |||||
| All‐cause death | 1,347,819 | 56,638 | 4.20 (4.17–4.24) | 1,302,399 | 147,335 | 11.31 (11.26–11.37) | 2.70 (2.67–2.72) | <0.0001 | 2.50 (2.47–2.52) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular death | 1,347,819 | 12,605 | 0.94 (0.92–0.95) | 1,302,399 | 26,277 | 2.02 (1.99–2.04) | 2.16 (2.11–2.20) | <0.0001 | 1.79 (1.75–1.83) | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 1,288,611 | 48,474 | 3.76 (3.73–3.80) | 1,232,982 | 58,506 | 4.75 (4.71–4.78) | 1.26 (1.25–1.28) | <0.0001 | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | <0.0001 |
| Incident MI | 1,334,162 | 10,317 | 0.77 (0.76–0.79) | 1,291,671 | 8505 | 0.66 (0.65–0.67) | 0.85 (0.83–0.88) | <0.0001 | 0.63 (0.61–0.65) | <0.0001 |
| Ischaemic stroke | 1,334,393 | 12,198 | 0.91 (0.90–0.93) | 1,270,941 | 24,209 | 1.91 (1.88–1.93) | 2.08 (2.04–2.13) | <0.0001 | 1.59 (1.55–1.63) | <0.0001 |
| Incident AF | 1,291,626 | 40,096 | 3.10 (3.07–3.14) | 1,262,210 | 29,309 | 2.32 (2.30–2.35) | 0.75 (0.74–0.76) | <0.0001 | 0.58 (0.57–0.59) | <0.0001 |
| VT/VF | 1,345,082 | 2285 | 0.17 (0.16–0.18) | 1,299,423 | 2422 | 0.19 (0.18–0.19) | 1.10 (1.04–1.16) | 0.002 | 0.83 (0.78–0.89) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac arrest | 1,347,182 | 4209 | 0.31 (0.30–0.32) | 1,300,037 | 8591 | 0.66 (0.65–0.68) | 2.12 (2.04–2.20) | <0.0001 | 1.73 (1.58–1.89) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; MI, myocardial infarction; VT/VF, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.