TABLE 3.
Incident outcomes in the age‐ and sex‐matched population according to history of epilepsy with no history of stroke or intracranial bleeding, or no epilepsy.
| Outcome | No epilepsy, n = 571,532 | Epilepsy, n = 571,532 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | p | Subdistribution hazard ratio (95% CI) | p | |||||||
| Person‐time (patient‐ years) | Events, n | Incidence, %/year (95% CI) | Person‐time (patient‐ years) | Events, n | Incidence, %/year (95% CI) | |||||
| All‐cause death | 1,128,364 | 42,446 | 3.76 (3.73–3.80) | 1,143,369 | 114,379 | 10.00 (9.95–10.06) | 2.66 (2.63–2.69) | <0.0001 | 2.51 (2.49–2.54) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular death | 1,128,364 | 8617 | 0.76 (0.75–0.78) | 1,143,369 | 15,030 | 1.32 (1.29–1.34) | 1.72 (1.67–1.77) | <0.0001 | 1.47 (1.43–1.51) | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 1,082,357 | 37,262 | 3.44 (3.41–3.48) | 1,085,943 | 47,185 | 4.35 (4.31–4.38) | 1.26 (1.25–1.28) | <0.0001 | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) | 0.04 |
| Incident MI | 1,117,661 | 8133 | 0.73 (0.71–0.74) | 1,134,256 | 6975 | 0.62 (0.60–0.63) | 0.85 (0.82–0.87) | <0.0001 | 0.64 (0.61–0.66) | <0.0001 |
| Ischaemic stroke | 1,119,326 | 8419 | 0.75 (0.74–0.77) | 1,124,269 | 14,839 | 1.32 (1.30–1.34) | 1.76 (1.71–1.80) | <0.0001 | 1.37 (1.33–1.42) | <0.0001 |
| Incident AF | 1,084,524 | 31,069 | 2.87 (2.83–2.90) | 1,108,888 | 24,599 | 2.22 (2.19–2.25) | 0.77 (0.76–0.79) | <0.0001 | 0.60 (0.59–0.62) | <0.0001 |
| VT/VF | 1,126,190 | 1809 | 0.16 (0.15–0.17) | 1,140,863 | 1981 | 0.17 (0.17–0.18) | 1.08 (1.01–1.15) | 0.02 | 0.83 (0.77–0.90) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac arrest | 1,127,880 | 3302 | 0.29 (0.28–0.30) | 1,141,261 | 7299 | 0.64 (0.63–0.65) | 2.18 (2.10–2.28) | <0.0001 | 1.76 (1.59–1.91) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; MI, myocardial infarction; VT/VF, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.