(A) Plasma anti-Seoul virus IgG2a responses (mean ± standard error) in male and female rats. (B) Plasma anti-Seoul virus IgG1 responses (mean ± standard error) in male and female rats. Blood samples were collected 0, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 days following inoculation with Seoul virus. For calculation of IgG2a or IgG1 units, the mean OD of each test sample was divided by the OD of the positive control sample run on the same microtiter plate. Because neither gonadectomy nor hormone replacement had an effect on antibody production, responses from the different treatments groups were collapsed and graphed together. An asterisk indicates that males had higher IgG2a responses than females (P < 0.05).