Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Oct 30;2(4):e20230029. doi: 10.1002/SMMD.20230029

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2023 The Authors. Smart Medicine published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Chemical modifications of HA. (A) Esterification reaction on hydroxyl groups. Reproduced with permission. ¹⁷ Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. (B) Oxidation reaction on hydroxyl groups. Reproduced with permission. ¹⁸ Copyright 2017, Elsevier. (C) Amidation rection on carboxyl groups by carbodiimide chemistry. Reproduced with permission. ¹⁹ Copyright 2016, Elsevier. (D) Deacetylation of HA on the N‐acetyl group. Reproduced with permission. ²⁰ Copyright 2020, Elsevier.