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. 2024 Jun 27;11:1381789. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1381789

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Schematic illustration shows that exosome biogenesis in cells begins with budding to the inner side of the plasma membrane, which allows for the generation of early endosomes. Next, the endosome sorting complex protein family required for transport (ESCRT) promotes the formation of late endosomes that collect various microparticles and apoptotic contents, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, ultimately leading to the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Finally, MVBs amalgamate with the plasma membrane to form exosomes, which are secreted into the extracellular environment by exocytosis. Adapted from Dai et al., 2020 with copyright permission under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.