Fig 7.

TGEV infection triggers inflammatory responses via the RIG-I/NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway in vivo. (A) Experimental schemes in three groups of piglets. (B) The transcription level of RIG-I in the ileum from piglets sacrificed at 24 hpi was detected by RT-qPCR, and RIG-I and TGEV N protein expressions in the ileum were determined by Western blotting. (C) Phosphorylated P65, P65, and TGEV N in the ileum from piglets sacrificed at 24 hpi were detected by Western blotting and analyzed by ImageJ. (D) The transcription level of HIF-1α in the ileum was detected by RT-qPCR, and HIF-1α and TGEV N in the ileum were measured by Western blotting. (E) The mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1β in the ileum were determined by RT-qPCR. (F and G) A protein microarray was performed to detect TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1β in intestinal digesta (F) and serum (G). (H) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of ilea from piglets sacrificed at 24 hpi; scale bar: 10 or 50 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SD of data from three independent experiments ***, P ≤ 0.001, determined by two-tailed Student’s t test.