TABLE 1.
Itemb | C group | SOA group | SOP group | SOS group | SEM | P values |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intramuscular fat | ||||||
65 days old | 2.721 | 2.726 | 2.540 | 2.796 | 0.227 | 0.872 |
95 days old | 2.624 | 1.875 | 2.515 | 2.717 | 0.252 | 0.098 |
125 days old | 2.148 | 2.975 | 3.054 | 2.820 | 0.422 | 0.363 |
C10:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.024 | 0.028 | 0.024 | 0.027 | 0.002 | 0.192 |
95 days old | 0.022b | 0.022b | 0.027a | 0.027a | 0.002 | 0.036 |
125 days old | 0.024 | 0.023 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.002 | 0.970 |
C12:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.036b | 0.042a | 0.045a | 0.044a | 0.002 | 0.002 |
95 days old | 0.041a | 0.026a | 0.028a | 0.034b | 0.002 | <0.001 |
125 days old | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.027 | 0.030 | 0.002 | 0.612 |
C14:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.447b | 0.506a | 0.472ab | 0.511a | 0.014 | 0.012 |
95 days old | 0.487 | 0.442 | 0.492 | 0.458 | 0.036 | 0.717 |
125 days old | 0.497 | 0.448 | 0.453 | 0.517 | 0.026 | 0.231 |
C14:1 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.010b | 0.012ab | 0.013a | 0.012ab | 0.001 | 0.039 |
95 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
C15:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.024 | 0.027 | 0.026 | 0.025 | 0.001 | 0.379 |
95 days old | 0.022 | 0.023 | 0.021 | 0.021 | 0.002 | 0.713 |
125 days old | 0.022a | 0.021a | 0.015b | 0.016b | 0.001 | 0.008 |
C16:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 8.137 | 8.397 | 8.027 | 8.029 | 0.173 | 0.399 |
95 days old | 8.334a | 7.675b | 8.416a | 8.486a | 0.176 | 0.010 |
125 days old | 8.231 | 8.132 | 8.055 | 8.296 | 0.224 | 0.877 |
C16:1 | ||||||
65 days old | 1.177 | 1.266 | 1.240 | 1.133 | 0.045 | 0.162 |
95 days old | 0.728 | 0.749 | 0.764 | 0.815 | 0.037 | 0.418 |
125 days old | 0.785b | 0.775b | 0.922a | 0.830ab | 0.032 | 0.017 |
C17:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.103 | 0.106 | 0.108 | 0.107 | 0.004 | 0.857 |
95 days old | 0.091 | 0.091 | 0.094 | 0.103 | 0.005 | 0.289 |
125 days old | 0.082 | 0.085 | 0.063 | 0.077 | 0.007 | 0.148 |
C18:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 4.364 | 4.071 | 4.131 | 4.247 | 0.098 | 0.182 |
95 days old | 5.141 | 4.885 | 5.080 | 5.068 | 0.119 | 0.463 |
125 days old | 4.670b | 5.170a | 4.438b | 4.953a | 0.091 | <0.001 |
C18:1n9c | ||||||
65 days old | 8.753 | 8.561 | 8.171 | 8.818 | 0.219 | 0.178 |
95 days old | 8.820b | 8.052a | 9.554a | 9.235ab | 0.208 | <0.001 |
125 days old | 9.722 | 9.374 | 9.807 | 9.880 | 0.332 | 0.758 |
C18:1n9t | ||||||
65 days old | 0.036 | 0.039 | 0.039 | 0.042 | 0.002 | 0.202 |
95 days old | 0.034 | 0.033 | 0.037 | 0.034 | 0.002 | 0.612 |
125 days old | 0.042 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 0.035 | 0.002 | 0.117 |
C18:2n6c | ||||||
65 days old | 4.135ab | 4.578a | 4.397a | 3.881b | 0.140 | 0.009 |
95 days old | 3.179b | 3.531a | 2.988b | 2.651a | 0.105 | <0.001 |
125 days old | 2.603a | 2.017b | 1.980b | 2.236ab | 0.135 | 0.008 |
C18:3n3 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.165b | 0.188a | 0.170b | 0.161b | 0.004 | <0.001 |
95 days old | 0.126b | 0.139a | 0.127b | 0.125b | 0.003 | 0.012 |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
C18:3n6 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.023b | 0.030a | 0.026ab | 0.026ab | 0.002 | 0.022 |
95 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
C20:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.063a | 0.064a | 0.054b | 0.066a | 0.002 | 0.009 |
95 days old | 0.070 | 0.071 | 0.072 | 0.074 | 0.003 | 0.848 |
125 days old | 0.063b | 0.079a | 0.065b | 0.068b | 0.003 | 0.012 |
C20:1 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.204ab | 0.237a | 0.194b | 0.227ab | 0.010 | 0.013 |
95 days old | 0.303a | 0.241b | 0.268ab | 0.300a | 0.011 | 0.002 |
125 days old | 0.097a | 0.080b | 0.081b | 0.090ab | 0.004 | 0.013 |
C20:2 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.163ab | 0.170a | 0.144b | 0.152ab | 0.006 | 0.015 |
95 days old | 0.153 | 0.147 | 0.139 | 0.142 | 0.007 | 0.469 |
125 days old | 0.105a | 0.078a | 0.074a | 0.092ab | 0.005 | <0.001 |
C20:3n6 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.101 | 0.118 | 0.115 | 0.100 | 0.007 | 0.189 |
95 days old | 0.080b | 0.098a | 0.072b | 0.068b | 0.006 | 0.005 |
125 days old | 0.072 | 0.065 | 0.065 | 0.062 | 0.007 | 0.714 |
C20:4n6 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.858 | 1.005 | 0.988 | 0.787 | 0.078 | 0.173 |
95 days old | 0.512b | 0.803a | 0.466b | 0.397b | 0.057 | <0.001 |
125 days old | 0.521 | 0.520 | 0.453 | 0.452 | 0.064 | 0.770 |
C22:6n3 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.028b | 0.050a | 0.045a | 0.031b | 0.004 | 0.002 |
95 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
C23:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.021b | 0.023a | 0.031a | 0.024ab | 0.002 | 0.049 |
95 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
C24:0 | ||||||
65 days old | 0.052 | 0.063 | 0.061 | 0.050 | 0.004 | 0.099 |
95 days old | 0.051a | 0.059a | 0.035b | 0.035b | 0.003 | <0.001 |
125 days old | 0.048 | 0.047 | 0.047 | 0.052 | 0.006 | 0.919 |
SFA | ||||||
65 days old | 13.267 | 13.755 | 12.974 | 13.112 | 0.219 | 0.088 |
95 days old | 14.218a | 13.287b | 14.371a | 14.466a | 0.230 | 0.004 |
125 days old | 13.712 | 14.252 | 13.176 | 14.015 | 0.367 | 0.247 |
UFA | ||||||
65 days old | 15.777b | 16.551a | 15.409b | 15.450b | 0.191 | 0.001 |
95 days old | 14.318 | 14.223 | 14.291 | 14.208 | 0.267 | 0.990 |
125 days old | 14.061 | 13.863 | 13.871 | 13.756 | 0.255 | 0.833 |
MUFA | ||||||
65 days old | 10.144 | 10.107 | 9.595 | 10.330 | 0.257 | 0.236 |
95 days old | 9.857ab | 9.236b | 10.466a | 10.371a | 0.224 | 0.002 |
125 days old | 10.761 | 10.675 | 11.190 | 10.717 | 0.463 | 0.856 |
PUFA | ||||||
65 days old | 5.404b | 6.472a | 5.949a | 5.120b | 0.186 | <0.001 |
95 days old | 3.891b | 4.755a | 3.835b | 3.894b | 0.222 | 0.017 |
125 days old | 3.300 | 2.680 | 2.572 | 3.039 | 0.250 | 0.151 |
n-3 PUFA | ||||||
65 days old | 0.225a | 0.283a | 0.242b | 0.220a | 0.005 | <0.001 |
95 days old | 0.122b | 0.139a | 0.127b | 0.125b | 0.003 | 0.004 |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
n-6 PUFA | ||||||
65 days old | 4.989b | 5.998a | 5.564a | 4.729b | 0.184 | <0.001 |
95 days old | 3.623ab | 4.228a | 3.574ab | 3.449b | 0.195 | 0.039 |
125 days old | 3.195 | 2.602 | 2.498 | 2.941 | 0.248 | 0.175 |
PUFA/SFA | ||||||
65 days old | 0.408 | 0.450 | 0.460 | 0.389 | 0.021 | 0.079 |
95 days old | 0.276b | 0.334a | 0.271b | 0.257b | 0.018 | 0.024 |
125 days old | 0.246 | 0.227 | 0.22 | 0.217 | 0.029 | 0.872 |
n-3/n-6 PUFA | ||||||
65 days old | 0.044ab | 0.048a | 0.043a | 0.047ab | 0.001 | 0.003 |
95 days old | 0.034a | 0.029b | 0.036a | 0.038a | 0.001 | 0.002 |
125 days old | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Data are expressed as means with the SEM. Different superscript lowercase letters within the same row not followed by the same letter differ significantly (P < 0.05). C, control group; SOA, antibiotic supplementation in sow-offspring diets; SOP, probiotic supplementation in sow-offspring diets; SOS, synbiotic supplementation in sow-offspring diets. The replicates per group at 65 days old were 8. The replicates of the C, SOA, SOP, and SOS groups at 95 days old were 8, 8, 8, and 7, respectively. The replicates of the C, SOA, SOP, and SOS groups at 125 days old were 8, 5, 6, and 6, respectively.
SFA, saturated fatty acid; UFA, unsaturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid. The SFA include C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, C20:0, C23:0, and C24:0; the UFA include C14:1, C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:1n9t, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3, C18:3n6, C20:1, C20:2, C20:3n6, C20:4n6, and C22:6n3; the MUFA include C14:1, C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:1n9t, and C20:1; the PUFA include C18:2n6c, C18:3n3, C18:3n6, C20:2, C20:3n6, C20:4n6, and C22:6n3; the n-3 PUFA include C18:3n3, C18:3n6, and C22:6n3; the n-6 PUFA include C18:2n6c, C20:3n6, and C20:4n6. “—” indicates that the content of the corresponding index is below the detection limit.