Table 1.

Definitions.

Terms	Definitions
DR-TBa	All types of DR-TB that include DR-TB with resistance to one first-line drug, MDR-TBb, XDR-TBc, and any other DR-TB reported by the authors.
Systematic screening for TBd disease	“The systematic identification of people with suspected (presumptive) TB disease, in a predetermined target group, using tests, examinations, or other procedures that can be applied rapidly. Among those screened positive, the diagnosis needs to be established by one or several diagnostic tests and additional clinical assessments, which together have high accuracy.” [14]
A screening tool	Tests, examinations, or other procedures used for systematic screening for TB disease. Examples of TB screening tools include a structured symptom-based questionnaire, CXRe, or an algorithm [4]. Algorithms may include sequential or parallel tests. With sequential tests, only those who screen positive with the initial test receive a second test. With parallel tests, those who screen positive on any of the tests are regarded as screen positives.
A diagnostic tool	Tests, examinations, or other procedures used to establish a diagnosis of TB disease in people identified with presumptive TB. Examples of TB diagnostic tools include a clinical algorithm, sputum smear microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid Inc), or culture [4].
TB symptom	Any TB symptom, for example, cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, or combination of TB symptoms as defined by the study authors.
Care seeking	People seeking care for a perceived health problem.
TB care seeking	People seeking care for TB symptoms specifically.
A risk group	Any group of people in whom the prevalence or incidence of TB is significantly higher than in the general population. Examples of risk groups include a whole population within a geographical area or TB contacts [15].
A clinical risk group	Individuals diagnosed with a specific disease or condition that increases their risk for TB, for example, people living with HIV (PLHIV).
Presumptive TB	Presumptive TB is identified when a provider identifies a patient with suspected TB disease. In the context of screening, a person who screens positive is a patient with presumptive TB.
Passive case finding	Care-seeking pathway without TB screening, that is, the green and black dashed pathways in Figure 1 [16].
Passive case finding with an element of systematic screening or triage	TB screening at general health services, that is, the green pathway in Figure 1.
Enhanced case finding	TB health promotion with or without TB screening.
Active case finding	TB screening at TB screening services or at home, work, or school, that is, the blue and orange pathways in Figure 1. If the target group is TB contacts, this can also be referred to contact tracing or contact investigation.
Intensified case finding	TB screening of a clinical risk group, for example, people living with HIV (ie, the gray pathway in Figure 1).

^aDR-TB: drug-resistant tuberculosis.

^bMDR-TB: multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

^cXDR-TB: extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.

^dTB: tuberculosis.

^eCXR: chest radiography.