Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and proportion of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), mental distress, and suicide risk by sex among young people aged 13–24, Lesotho 2018 (N = 8568).
| Characteristics | Males |
Females |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted n | Weighted % (95 % CI) | Unweighted n | Weighted % (95 % CI) | |
| Agea | 18.23 | (18.00, 18.46) | 18.24 | (18.12, 18.36) |
| Food insecurity | ||||
| No | 1011 | 68.68 (63.39, 73.97) | 4613 | 65.87 (63.68, 68.06) |
| Yes | 440 | 31.32 (26.03, 36.61) | 2397 | 34.13 (31.94, 36.32) |
| Orphan statusb | ||||
| Both parents alive | 882 | 59.90 (55.42, 64.39) | 4403 | 62.03 (60.36, 63.70) |
| One parent alive | 462 | 32.53 (28.75, 36.31) | 1987 | 28.94 (27.53, 30.35) |
| No parents alive | 100 | 7.57 (5.88, 9.26) | 637 | 9.03 (8.14, 9.92) |
| Sexual violenceb | ||||
| No | 1416 | 95.96 (94.55, 97.38) | 6276 | 87.17 (85.57, 88.77) |
| Yes | 51 | 4.04 (2.62, 5.45) | 820 | 12.83 (11.23, 14.43) |
| Emotional violenceb | ||||
| No | 1359 | 92.36 (89.92, 94.80) | 6302 | 89.01 (87.87, 90.15) |
| Yes | 102 | 7.64 (5.20, 10.08) | 756 | 10.99 (9.85, 12.13) |
| Physical violenceb | ||||
| No | 674 | 43.73 (38.51, 48.96) | 4707 | 64.40 (61.91, 66.90) |
| Yes | 793 | 56.27 (51.04, 61.49) | 2394 | 35.60 (33.10, 38.09) |
| Community violenceb | ||||
| No | 935 | 62.00 (56.22, 67.79) | 5651 | 78.94 (77.06, 80.83) |
| Yes | 530 | 37.99 (32.21, 43.78) | 1441 | 21.06 (19.17, 22.94) |
| Interparental violenceb | ||||
| No | 1100 | 73.66 (69.56, 77.77) | 4913 | 67.87 (65.80, 69.95) |
| Yes | 358 | 26.34 (22.23, 30.44) | 2168 | 32.13 (30.05, 34.20) |
| Cumulative ACEsb | ||||
| 0 ACEs | 265 | 16.95 (13.65, 20.26) | 1846 | 24.13 (22.28, 25.99) |
| 1–2 ACEs | 876 | 58.30 (53.49, 63.01) | 3894 | 55.30 (53.48, 57.12) |
| 3 or more ACEsb | 326 | 24.75 (19.38, 30.12) | 1361 | 20.57 (18.58, 22.56) |
| Mental distress | ||||
| No or low | 1070 | 71.52 (65.91, 77.12) | 5196 | 73.59 (71.37, 75.80) |
| Moderate to severe | 395 | 28.48 (22.88, 34.09) | 1849 | 26.41 (24.20, 28.63) |
| Self-harm or suicidality | ||||
| No | 1399 | 95.19 (93.63, 96.74) | 6525 | 91.05 (90.11, 91.99) |
| Yes | 68 | 4.81 (3.27, 6.37) | 575 | 8.95 (8.01, 9.89) |
| Age disparate sexual relationship | ||||
| No | 561 | 90.29 (87.48, 93.09) | 1909 | 66.26 (64.09, 68.42) |
| Yes | 58 | 9.71 (6.91, 12.52) | 1006 | 33.74 (31.58, 35.91) |
| No or infrequent condom use | ||||
| No | 413 | 64.62 (58.38, 70.85) | 1210 | 39.88 (37.37, 42.40) |
| Yes | 228 | 35.38 (29.15, 41.62) | 1800 | 60.12 (57.60, 62.63) |
| Lifetime STI | ||||
| No | 1371 | 92.26 (90.15, 94.37) | 6472 | 90.28 (89.26, 91.29) |
| Yes | 96 | 7.74 (5.63, 9.85) | 606 | 9.72 (8.71, 10.74) |
| Lifetime transactional sex | ||||
| No | 769 | 98.08 (96.92, 99.24) | 3210 | 94.93 (93.95, 95.90) |
| Yes | 14 | 1.92 (0.76, 3.08) | 156 | 5.07 (4.10, 6.05) |
| Multiple sex partner | ||||
| No | 545 | 67.89 (62.34, 73.45) | 3041 | 90.25 (88.87, 91.64) |
| Yes | 224 | 32.11 (26.55, 37.66) | 306 | 9.75 (8.36, 11.13) |
| Early sexual debut | ||||
| No | 526 | 71.80 (67.73, 75.88) | 3060 | 92.10 (90.95, 93.25) |
| Yes | 234 | 28.20 (24.12, 32.27) | 280 | 7.90 (6.75, 9.05) |
| HIV risk summary | ||||
| 0 types | 233 | 30.09 (25.67, 34.52) | 981 | 29.37 (27.10, 31.65) |
| 1 type | 334 | 41.22 (37.04, 45.40) | 1179 | 34.63 (32.25, 37.00) |
| 2 types | 147 | 18.75 (14.96, 22.55) | 871 | 26.23 (24.22, 28.24) |
| ≥3 types | 68 | 9.93 (7.26, 12.60) | 331 | 9.77 (8.66, 10.87) |
Note. Self-harm or suicidality is defined as reporting at least one of the following: self-harm, ideation, or attempt. HIV risk summary includes the following 6 HIV risk indicators: age disparate sexual relationship with someone ≥5 years older, no or infrequent condom use, transactional sex, early sexual debut (< 15 years), multiple sex partners, and lifetime STI.
a
Mean (95 % Confidence Limit for the Mean).
b
All 6 ACE types occurred prior to age 18 regardless of participant age.