Table 2.

A description of the individual cases. All patients are male. All ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablations performed were endocardial procedures unless otherwise specified

Patient	Age (years)	CMP type	LVEF (%)	AAD at admission (daily dosage)	Previous VT ablation	Presentation with	VT CL (ms)	Clinical context for resorting to autonomic modulation
1	69	Ischaemic	15	Amiodarone 200 mg Carvedilol 12.5 mg	Yes	Recurrent VT	510	Patient refused to undergo repeat CA with mechanical circulatory support in the setting of recurrent haemodynamically not tolerated slow VT
2	51	Ischaemic	10	Amiodarone 400 mg Metoprolol 150 mg	No	Recurrent VT	476	CA deferred because technical difficulties were expected due to severe LV dilatation (LV end-diastolic diameter of 90 mm)
3	62	Non-ischaemic	45	Amiodarone 200 mg Bisoprolol 10 mg	No	Recurrent VT	390	Strong suspicion of an epicardiac substrate with difficult access expected due to morbid obesity (BMI 43). Subtherapeutic amiodarone levels
4	73	Ischaemic	34	Amiodarone 300 mg Metoprolol 200 mg	Yes	Recurrent VT	508	Left-sided septal substrate with both a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis and a calcified aortic valve which could not be passed during a previous CA
5	69	Ischaemic	47	Amiodarone 200 mg	Yes	Electrical storm	275	Recent unsuccessful CA: mid-myocardial septal substrate could not be reached from either the LV or the RV
6	75	Ischaemic	26	Amiodarone 400 mg Metoprolol 50 mg	Yes	Electrical storm	450	Multiple clinical VT morphologies. Recent CA with successful ablation of a mid-inferior VT. The other clinical VTs were not inducible, although four other non-clinical VTs with haemodynamic instability were induced
7	74	Ischaemic	36	Amiodarone 300 mg Metoprolol 200 mg	Yes	Electrical storm	367	Recent unsuccessful endocardial CA due to an epicardiac basal inferior substrate. Previous CABG
8	74	Ischaemic	43	Sotalol 160 mg	Yes	Electrical storm	310	Electrical storm during elective CA with immediate reinitiation of VT. Exit could not be identified periprocedurally during ongoing resuscitation
9	77	Ischaemic	42	Sotalol 240 mg	Yes	Electrical storm	306	CA deferred due to significant comorbidity (amiodarone pneumonitis, cognitive impairment, hairy cell leukaemia)
10	71	Non-ischaemic	38	Amiodarone 400 mg Metoprolol 200 mg	Yes	Recurrent VT	420	Three previous CAs of VT exits near mechanical aortic valvular prosthesis (trans-septal approach) and at the LV crux (through the great cardiac vein using both cryoablation and alcohol)
11	71	Ischaemic	31	Sotalol 160 mg	Yes	Electrical storm	360	Recent substrate ablation of an inferoposterolateral scar with uncertainty whether the substrate was endo- or epicardiac. Opted for PSGB to allow for loading with amiodarone
12	85	Non-ischaemic	20	Bisoprolol 10 mg	No	Electrical storm	280	CA deferred due to frailty and a poor functional capacity

CMP cardiomyopathy, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, AAD antiarrhythmic drugs, CL cycle length, CA catheter ablation, BMI body mass index, LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting