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. 2024 Jul 11;15:5827. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-49236-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Schematic shows the portal vein embolization (PVE) procedure and tissue sampling for the scRNA-seq experiments. Portal vein branching toward diseased liver tissue (left lobe) prior to resection is blocked or embolized. Adjacent tissue with redirected blood flow (right lobe) expands over time. ScRNA-seq is performed on two samples derived from regenerating and embolized liver tissues on the day of liver resection. b Computed tomography (CT) scans of pre-PVE (left) and post-PVE (middle) livers are shown along with 3D tissue reconstructions (right), respectively. UMAP plot of merged healthy (n = 3), regenerating (n = 6) and embolized (n = 6) fresh liver samples, colored by condition (c) and major cell type (d). e Major cell type proportion per donor and condition. f Number of differentially expressed genes between healthy and regenerating or embolized samples per major cell type. Gene expression log fold change for each PVE condition compared to healthy (x-axis: embolized; y-axis: regenerating) for cholangiocytes (g), Endothelial cells (h), Hepatocytes (i), and Immune cells (j). k–n, Enriched gene ontology terms for DE genes per major cell type, comparing regenerating or embolized to healthy. Top 6 terms were selected for each condition (two-sided hypergeometric test, dashed line shows Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p = 0.05). Source data are provided as a Source Data file for (c, d–n).