Table 1.
Demographics variables and comorbidities in patients undergoing ACDF (N=75,508).
| Normal n=57,480 |
G2 n=15,186 |
G3 n=2,192 |
G4 n=312 |
G5 n=338 |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (SD) | 52.80 (10.44) | 65.55 (9.88) | 67.79 (9.69) | 67.04 (9.88) | 60.33 (10.54) | <.001 |
| BMI (SD) | 30.57 (6.86) | 30.62 (6.50) | 31.30 (6.61) | 31.77 (7.28) | 29.77 (6.84) | <.001 |
| Sex | <.001 | |||||
| Female | 47.9% | 59.4% | 38.9% | 36.2% | 61.0% | |
| Male | 52.1% | 40.6% | 61.1% | 63.8% | 39.0% | |
| Race | <.001 | |||||
| White | 78.5% | 78.1% | 72.9% | 66.0% | 51.5% | |
| Black | 10.3% | 13.6% | 19.6% | 22.8% | 32.5% | |
| Asian | 1.9% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.9% | 3.3% | |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 1.8% | |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.9% | |
| Unknown | 8.3% | 5.8% | 5.3% | 8.3% | 10.1% | |
| Admission Status | <.001 | |||||
| Inpatient | 63.7% | 67.3% | 70.1% | 79.8% | 86.7% | |
| Outpatient | 36.3% | 32.7% | 29.9% | 20.2% | 13.3% | |
| Smoking History | 28.9% | 16.2% | 15.8% | 15.1% | 19.8% | <.001 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 4.1% | 6.6% | 9.1% | 10.6% | 10.1% | <.001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 0.3% | 0.8% | 2.7% | 5.5% | 7.4% | <.001 |
| Cancer History | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.6% | <.001 |
| Bleeding Disorders | 1.1% | 1.9% | 3.4% | 6.4% | 6.5% | <.001 |
| Steroid Use | 3.4% | 4.9% | 6.8% | 9.6% | 6.2% | <.001 |
| Dialysis | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 6.4% | 69.0% | <.001 |
| Elective Surgery | 93.6% | 94.3% | 92.1% | 82.7% | 66.2% | <.001 |
| Ventilation | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 1.3% | 1.5% | <.001 |
| Transfusion | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 1.3% | 4.4% | <.001 |
| Sepsis | 0.8% | 0.9% | 1.9% | 4.5% | 9.5% | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 42.5% | 66.8% | 85.1% | 88.1% | 78.7% | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 14.5% | 24.1% | 41.8% | 54.5% | 40.2% | <.001 |
| Multiple Levels | 47.6% | 51.2% | 50.9% | 46.8% | 42.6% | <.001 |
| Functional Status | <.001 | |||||
| Independent | 98.0% | 96.6% | 96.0% | 88.8% | 81.7% | |
| Partially Dependent | 1.4% | 2.6% | 3.3% | 9.0% | 16.0% | |
| Totally Dependent | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 1.3% | 2.1% | |
| Unknown | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 0.3% | |
| ASA Class | <.001 | |||||
| I: No Disturbance | 3.3% | 0.9% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
| II: Mild Disturbance | 53.0% | 37.4% | 19.4% | 6.1% | 10.7% | |
| III: Severe Disturbance | 42.0% | 58.2% | 71.9% | 74.4% | 47.6% | |
| IV: Life Threatening | 1.8% | 3.5% | 8.5% | 18.9% | 41.7% | |
| V: Moribund | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.6% | 0.0% |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.