| ASA | American society of Anesthesiologists |
| ATZ/BEV | atezolizumab/bevacizumab |
| BCLC | Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer |
| BIA | bioimpedance analysis |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CLD | chronic liver disease |
| CSPH | clinical significant portal hypertension |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CTLA-4 | cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 |
| cTACE | conventional transarterial chemoembolization |
| DEB-TACE | drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization |
| DXA | dual energy X-ray absorptiometry |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HCC | hepatocellular carcinoma |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| ICI | immune checkpoint inhibitors |
| IGF-1 | insulin-like growth factor-1 |
| IMAC | intramuscular adipose tissue content |
| IMAT | intramuscular adipose tissue |
| LEN | lenvatinib |
| LSN | liver surface nodularity |
| MASLD | metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| MWA | microwave ablation |
| OLT | orthotopic liver transplantation |
| OS | overall survival |
| PD1 | programed cell death 1 |
| PDL-1 | programed death ligand-1 |
| PFS | progression-free survival |
| PMI | psoas muscle index |
| PNI | prognostic nutritional index |
| RFA | radiofrequency ablation |
| RFS | recurrence free survival |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SBRT | stereotactic body radiotherapy |
| SIRT | selective internal radiation therapy |
| SMI | skeletal muscle index |
| TACE | transarterial chemoembolization |
| TAE | transarterial embolization |
| TARE | transarterial radioembolization |
| T2DM | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| TKIs | tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
| UCSF | University of California San Francisco |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VFA | visceral fat area |
| Y90 | Yttrium90 |