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. 2024 Jun 28;25(13):7103. doi: 10.3390/ijms25137103

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Antioxidant capacity of OFI-EVs in H₂O₂-treated HDF cells, in the presence of OFI-EVs for 24 h and then treated with H₂O₂ for 24 h. (A) Oxidized H2DCFDA (DCF) was used to determine ROS release. (B) MDA quantity was utilized as a marker of lipid peroxidation. (C) Superoxide dismutase (SOD2) activity. (D) SOD2 mRNA transcription level. Results are expressed as the means of three independent experiments ± S.D (n = 3). ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005 vs. H₂O₂; ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.005 vs. CTL.