Table 4.
Clinical profile and laboratory characteristics at admission in hip fracture patients who developed PMI: comparison IHD and non-IHD groups.
| Clinical Variables | Total Cohort (n = 533) | IHD | p Value | Laboratory Variables | IHD | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Yes | No | |||||
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 86.14 ± 6.8 | 86.7 ± 6.52 | 85.8 ± 6.99 | 0.157 | RBC < 4.30 × 1012, % | 75.1 | 67.5 | 0.061 |
| Aged > 80 years, % | 83.5 | 83.1 | 83.7 | 0.845 | Anaemia, % | 49.3 | 44.0 | 0.236 |
| Female, % | 71.1 | 66.2 | 74.1 | 0.050 | Neutr > 7.5 × 109, % | 59.7 | 64.2 | 0.303 |
| PRCF resident, % | 38.7 | 39.3 | 38.4 | 0.830 | Lymp < 1.2 × 109, % | 61.2 | 63.9 | 0.538 |
| HF type [trochanteric], % | 48.2 | 49.8 | 47.3 | 0.581 | Eos < 0.5 × 109, % | 61.7 | 46.7 | 0.001 |
| History of AMI, % | 9.3 | 23.4 | NA | NA | Mon > 1.0 × 109, % | 19.9 | 18.1 | 0.600 |
| Hypertension, % | 60.2 | 64.7 | 57.5 | 0.102 | Plt > 400 × 109, % | 1.5 | 3.4 | 0.204 |
| CVA, % | 11.8 | 12.9 | 11.4 | 0.535 | RDW > 14.5%, % | 49.8 | 38.9 | 0.014 |
| TIA, % | 12.6 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 0.733 | Albumin < 33 g/L, % | 16.4 | 19.0 | 0.447 |
| CKD, % | 44.3 | 54.7 | 37.9 | <0.001 | NLR > 7.5, % | 54.2 | 56.6 | 0.589 |
| COPD, % | 16.5 | 20.9 | 13.9 | 0.034 | PLR > 280, % | 28.8 | 31.1 | 0.576 |
| Anaemia, % | 46.0 | 49.3 | 44.0 | 0.236 | LMR < 1.1, % | 31.8 | 31.3 | 0.901 |
| T2DM, % | 24.1 | 28.0 | 21.3 | 0.068 | SII > 1620.0, % | 51.5 | 57.0 | 0.220 |
| Dementia, % | 38.5 | 33.3 | 41.6 | 0.056 | SIRI > 5.1, % | 54.2 | 57.5 | 0.456 |
| Parkinson’s disease, % | 3.8 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 0.232 | Hb/RDW < 8.8,% | 60.7 | 52.1 | 0.053 |
| Smoker, % | 4.1 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 0.560 | RDW/Plt × 100 > 6.6, % | 59.1 | 49.4 | 0.031 |
| Ex-smoker, % | 13.0 | 10.5 | 14.5 | 0.177 | Alb/RDW < 2.6, % | 55.7 | 52.3 | 0.438 |
| * Alcohol over-user, % | 1.9 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 0.243 | Neutr/Eos > 156.3, % | 58.2 | 42.5 | <0.001 |
| Walking aids user, % | 38.7 | 40.3 | 37.7 | 0.543 | Neutr/Mon > 12.1, % | 47.3 | 53.0 | 0.198 |
| In-hospital mortality, % | 8.8 | 11.0 | 7.5 | 0.178 | Mon/Eos > 13.0, % | 57.8 | 40.3 | <0.001 |
| Postoperative AMI, % | 15.4 | 19.9 | 12.7 | 0.025 | Neutr/Alb × 10 > 2.4, % | 53.2 | 53.5 | 0.957 |
| LOS > 10 days, % | 61.4 | 59.2 | 62.7 | 0.428 | Hb/Alb > 4.6, % | 46.8 | 48.6 | 0.675 |
| LOS > 20 days, % | 22.1 | 24.9 | 20.5 | 0.236 | Plt/Alb > 5.9, % | 41.9 | 50.5 | 0.057 |
| CRP > 100 mg/L, % | 88 | 87.5 | 88.3 | 0.796 | Plt/ALT > 13.8, % | 49.5 | 52.3 | 0.534 |
| CRP > 150 mg/L, % | 69.2 | 67.0 | 70.5 | 0.400 | Alb/Lymp < 25.4,% | 49.7 | 45.3 | 0.32 |
| ALT/Lymp < 14.6, % | 50.3 | 47.1 | 0.485 | |||||
| GGT/Lymp > 25.4, % | 54.2 | 46.2 | 0.073 | |||||
Abbreviations: For clinical characteristics and outcomes: PRCF, permanent residential care facility; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CKD, chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2); CVA, cerebrovascular accident (stroke); TIA, transient ischaemic attack; COPD, chronic obstructive airway disease; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; LOS, length of hospital stay; CRP, c-reactive protein; *, alcohol consumption ≥ 3 times per week; for haematological characteristics, all abbreviations as in Table 1. Significant p values are expressed in bold characters.