Table 4.
Association between sleep quality, general health and mental health with dietary intake in participants with and without arthritis.
| Variables | Population | OR (95% CI) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Refreshing sleep | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3227) | 1.51 (1.49–1.52) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9900) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.708 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3230) | 1.15 (1.14–1.17) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9892) | 1.18 (1.18–1.19) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3219) | 1.24 (1.23–1.26) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9882) | 1.19 (1.18–1.20) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3227) | 1.23 (1.22–1.25) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9896) | 1.03 (1.03–1.04) | <0.001 | |
| Difficulty staying awake | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3215) | 1.21 (1.19–1.22) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9876) | 1.24 (1.24–1.25) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3217) | 1.30 (1.28–1.31) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9868) | 1.25 (1.25–1.26) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3207) | 1.26 (1.24 –1.27) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9859) | 1.25 (1.24–1.26) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3214) | 1.14 (1.13–1.16) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9873) | 1.17 (1.16–1.17) | <0.001 | |
| Trouble going to sleep | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3228) | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9908) | 1.09 (1.08–1.09) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3231) | 1.12 (1.11–1.14) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9900) | 1.04 (1.04–1.05) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3221) | 1.14 (1.13–1.16) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9890) | 1.13 (1.12–1.13) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3228) | 1.07 (1.06–1.08) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9904) | 1.33 (1.32–1.33) | <0.001 | |
| Spent ≥7 h per night sleeping | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3204) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.785 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9878) | 0.96 (0.95–0.96) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3206) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.064 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9870) | 1.06 (1.05–1.06) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3196) | 0.88 (0.87–0.89) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9860) | 0.83 (0.83–0.84) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3203) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 0.301 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9874) | 0.94 (0.93–0.94) | <0.001 | |
| Perceived general health | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3236) | 1.12 (1.10–1.13) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9908) | 1.13 (1.12–1.14) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3240) | 1.06 (1.04–1.07) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9901) | 1.11 (1.10–1.12) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3229) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.519 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9889) | 0.91 (0.91–0.92) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3235) | 1.20 (1.18–1.21) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9903) | 1.38 (1.37–1.39) | <0.001 | |
| Perceived mental health | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3228) | 1.18 (1.16–1.20) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9905) | 1.30 (1.29–1.31) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3231) | 0.96 (0.95–0.98) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9896) | 1.54 (1.52–1.55) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3221) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.063 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9885) | 1.25 (1.24–1.26) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3227) | 1.28 (1.26–1.30) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9900) | 1.38 (1.37–1.40) | <0.001 | |
| Mood disorder | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3233) | 1.04 (1.02–1.05) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9904) | 0.88 (0.87–0.88) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3236) | 1.22 (1.20–1.24) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9896) | 0.88 (0.88–0.89) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3226) | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9886) | 0.85 (0.84–0.86) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3232) | 0.91 (0.90–0.93) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9899) | 0.83 (0.83–0.84) | <0.001 | |
| Anxiety disorder | |||
| Individuals who choose lower fat content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3231) | 0.94 (0.93–0.96) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9904) | 0.92 (0.91–0.93) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who choose fiber content (ref: not choosing) |
Arthritis (n = 3234) | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9896) | 0.94 (0.93–0.95) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid cholesterol content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3224) | 1.32 (1.30–1.34) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9886) | 0.92 (0.91–0.93) | <0.001 | |
| Individuals who avoid calorie content (ref: not avoiding) |
Arthritis (n = 3230) | 1.17 (1.15–1.19) | <0.001 |
| W/O arthritis (n = 9899) | 0.87 (0.86–0.87) | <0.001 | |
Association of sleep quality, general health, and mental health with dietary intake in participants with and without arthritis. Binary logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and drinking status (Model 3). Data presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals; all analyses were weighted. Data considered statistically significant when p-value ≤ 0.05. W/O = without; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; n = number of respondents; ref = reference.