Figure 4.

Effects of defatted rice bran (DFRB) and husk (H) extracts of Oryza sativa cv. Sang 5 CMU on the gene expression of inflammation-related genes (a) IL-1β and (b) IL-6 in human fibroblast cells after exposure to 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Diclofenac sodium (DFN) was used as a positive control. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Bars represent mean ± standard deviation. Different superscript letters (a, b, and c) were significantly different at p < 0.05, while the same letter showed no significant difference according to a one-way ANOVA test, followed by LSD post hoc test.