Figure 6.

Effects of defatted rice bran (DFRB) and husk (H) extracts of Oryza sativa cv. Sang 5 CMU on the gene expression of melanogenesis-related genes (a) MITF, (b) TYR, (c) TRP-1, and (d) DCT in human melanoma cells after exposure to 100 μM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). Arbutin (Ar) was used as a positive control. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Bars represent mean ± standard deviation. Different superscript letters (a, b, and c) were significantly different at p < 0.05, while the same letter showed no significant difference according to a one-way ANOVA test, followed by LSD post hoc test.