Table 2.

Resilience in the 382 included patients discharged alive from the intensive care unit

	Median [IQR] or n (%)
CD-RISC-25a, median [IQR]	69.0 [59.0–78.0]
Personal competence, high standards, and tenacity	24.0 [20.0–27.0]
Trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress	18.0 [15.0–21.0]
Positive acceptance of change, and secure relationships	15.0 [13.0–17.0]
Control	9.0 [7.0–10.0]
Spiritual influences	4.0 [3.0–6.0]
Resilienceb, n (%)
Low	179 (46.9)
Normal	195 (51.0)
High	8 (2.1)

CD-RISC Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, IQR interquartile range

^aThe CD-RISC-25 has 25 items, with five sub-scales: personal competence, high standards, and tenacity (range, 0–32), trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress (range, 0–28), positive acceptance of change and secure relationships (range, 0–20), control (range, 0–12), and spiritual influences (range, 0–8). Thus, the total CD-RISC-25 score can range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater resilience [21]

^bLow, normal, and high resilience were defined as CD-RISC-25 scores ≤ 67, 68–92, and ≥ 93, respectively [21, 22]