Table 10.

Ten eye makeup ingredients that may have very significant adverse effects on the ocular surface and/or adnexa.

Ingredient	Products	Concerns	Report section
Benzalkonium chloride	eyeliner, makeup remover, mascara	toxic, allergen, irritant	5.1.1.
Chlorphenesin	around-eye cream, eyeliner, eyeshadow, eyelash glue, makeup primer, makeup remover, mascara, moisturizer, serum	toxic, allergen, irritant, immunosuppressant	5.1.5.
Formaldehyde-releasing compounds	serum, eyelash glue	toxic, mutagen, carcinogen and allergen	5.1.2.
Parabens	moisturizer, mascara, eyeshadow, eyeliner, around-eye cream, serum, glitter	toxic, endocrine disruptor, allergen, genotoxic	5.1.3.
Phenoxyethanol	eyeshadow, moisturizer, mascara, serum, eyeliner, makeup primer, around-eye cream, makeup remover, glitter, eyelash glue	toxic, allergen, irritant	5.1.4.
Phthalates	fragrances, makeup remover	cytotoxic, endocrine disruptor, neurotoxic, sleep problems; dibutyl phthalate is banned in Europe	5.2.12.
Prostaglandin analogues (for example, isopropyl cloprostenate)	eyelash growth serum	periorbitopathy, periorbital discoloration, hyperemia, pruritis, eyelid ptosis, meibomian gland dysfunction, blepharophimosis, thinning of eyelid skin and orbital fat	5.2.13.
Retinoids (Vitamin A metabolites)	serum, around-eye cream, moisturizer, makeup primer, makeup remover, mascara, eyeliner	toxic for meibomian glands	5.2.15.
Salicylic acid	around-eye-cream, makeup primer, makeup remover, moisturizer, serum	restricted use in Canada, Europe and Japan, irritant	5.2.16.
Tea tree oil (for example, terpinen-4-ol)	eyelash cleanser, eye makeup remover, moisturizer, toner	toxic to human meibomian gland epithelial cells, endocrine disruptor, allergen, may contribute to antibiotic resistance	5.2.19.